基于GPS静态定位法监测数据分析与塌陷特征认识

摘要

Based on mining engineering data and subsidence area surface deformation investigation,through the disposition of GPS mo-nitoring stakes in the Dongxia coalmine area of the Huating coal mining subsidence area carried out monitoring of surface subsidence de-formation through static positioning;then carried out statistical analysis for monitoring data through the statistical graphic presentation method.The result has shown that the vertical movement and settlement in the survey area are gradually increasing from west to east, south to north;horizontal movement directing the worked-out area as a whole, horizontal deformation is less on subsidence marginal region,the near the worked-out area,the large the movement and horizontal movement deformation.Whither they are vertical move-ment deformation,horizontal movement deformation or inclination,monitoring data all indicated in the survey area from north to south the surface subsidence extent is obviously increasing,that consistent with the rock movement subsidence pattern of coal face advancing from north to south and worked-out area gradually developed to south.Survey area surface subsidence vertical movement deformation presents normal subsidence pattern as a whole,and in sectors have shown up differential settlement spatiotemporally.While horizontal movement direction and deformation extent also have differentiation,thus reflected the complexity of coalmine worked-out area surface rock movement subsidence.As a whole, surface subsidence is controlled by strata lithologic character, structural condition, mining mode and worked-out area extent etc.,while the precipitation is an important factor impacting surface movement and deformation.%以采矿工程资料及塌陷区地面变形调查为基础,通过在华亭采煤沉陷区东峡煤矿区部署GPS监测桩,对地表沉陷变形采用静态定位法进行监测,并采用统计图示的手段对监测数据进行统计分析.结果表明:测区范围内垂直移动及沉降量由西向东、由南向北逐步增大;水平移动方向总体指向采空区方向,塌陷边缘地带水平变形小,越接近采空区移动量越大,水平移动变形越大;无论是垂直移动变形还是水平移动变形或是倾斜等监测数据显示,测区内由北向南其地表塌陷程度明显增强,与采煤工作面从北向南推进,采空区逐步向南发展所产生的岩移塌陷规律相一致.测区内地面塌陷垂直移动变形总体呈正态沉陷规律,各地段表现出时空上的差异沉降现象;而水平移动的方向及变形量也有差异性,反映出煤矿采空地面岩移塌陷的复杂性.地面塌陷总体受控于地层岩性、构造条件、采矿方式及采空区大小等,而降雨也可能是地表移动变形的重要影响因素.