咯血病因诊断的五步思维

摘要

咯血是临床常见症状,是指喉部以下的呼吸器官出血,经咳嗽动作将血液从口腔排出.引起咯血的病因众多,包括呼吸系统疾病、循环系统疾病、血液系统疾病、先天遗传性疾病及中毒等,然而及时准确地判断咯血的病因,十分考究诊治医生水平,且对于及时采取正确治疗和改善患者预后至关重要.本文结合临床实际,介绍咯血病因诊断的五步思维法,帮助临床医生树立缜密、清晰的临床思维,减少误漏诊.%Hemoptysis is a common clinical symptom, which refers to the bleeding of the respiratory organs below the larynx, and the blood is expelled from the mouth by coughing.Due to many causes of hemoptysis, such as respiratory system, circulatory system, blood system, hereditary diseases and poisoning, timely and accurately determine the etiology of hemoptysis is the maker for doctor's clinical level and which is essential to take timely and correctly treatment for improving the prognosis of these patients.Combining with clinical practice, this paper introduces the five-steps thinking method for etiological diagnosis of hemoptysis, which can help clinicians to set up careful and clear clinical thinking and reduce misdiagnosis.