后路内固定融合术治疗脊柱胸腰段骨折疗效观察

摘要

Objective To explore the curative effect of posterior internal fixation and fusion for spinal fracture of thoracolumbar segments. Methods 238 patients with spinal fracture of thoracolumbar segments from January 2006 to December 2013 were selected in this study, in which 156 patients treated with posterior internal fixation and fusion were set as the experimental group, while 82 patients treated with anterior internal fixation were set as the control group. The curative effect, operation time, blood loss amount, complication, heights of anterior and posterior vertebral body and injury vertebral wedge (IVW) were observed and compared between two groups. Results The total effective rate of experimental group was significantly higher than that of control group (P <0.05). The operation time, blood loss amount, incidence of complication of experimental group were significantly lower than those of control group (P<0.05). There were no statistical differences in the heights of anterior and posterior vertebral body and kyphotic Cobb angle (P>0.05). Conclusions For patients with spinal fracture of thoracolumbar segments, posterior internal fixation and fusion can effectively shorten operation time, reduce blood loss amount, reduce the incidence of complications, and improve prognosis, which has important significance and deserves clinical promotion.%目的：探讨后路内固定融合术治疗脊柱胸腰段骨折的临床疗效。方法选择对2006年1月1日至2013年12月30日在我院进行手术治疗的脊柱胸腰段骨折患者156例为实验组，给予后路内固定融合术；选择同期在我院进行手术治疗的82例脊柱胸腰段骨折患者为对照组，给予前路内固定术。观察比较两组患者的临床治疗效果、手术时间、出血量、并发症发生情况、椎体前5高度、椎体后5高度及楔变指数。结果实验组患者的总有效率与对照组患者相比明显提高，差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)；实验组患者的手术时间、出血量、并发症发生率与对照组患者相比明显降低，差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)；两组患者的椎体前后5高度及后凸Cobb角无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论针对脊柱胸腰段骨折患者采用后路内固定融合术，可明显缩短手术时间，减少出血量，提高预后，降低并发症发生率。后路内固定融合术对治疗脊柱胸腰段骨折具有十分重要的临床意义，值得推广应用。