唐山部分农村地区慢性阻塞性肺疾病的流行病学调查

摘要

Objective To recognize the epidemic feature and relative factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) in parts of Tangshan district, and provide theoretical evidence for the prevention and cure of COPD. Methods Random samples in separate zone method was chosen in this investigation. We sampled inhabitants in districts of different physiognomy such as littoral district, and mountainous area, the age above 40 years old in investigation at home by interview,the lung functions and others were tested. Results The prevalence of COPD in parts of rural areas of Tangshan was 9. 8%< 136/1 384). Logistic regression model was conducted,and statistical association of COPD was found with age(χ2 =54. 241, P <0. 01, OR =0. 654,95% CI =0. 536-0. 798),life fuel(χ2 = 14. 711, P < 0.01, OR =1.336,95% CI = 1. 006-1. 775) .smoking (χ2 =40. 991, P <0. 01, OR =1.360,95% CI = 1.225-1. 577),passive smoking(χ2 =5.501, P <0. 05, OR =1.806,95% CI = 1. 158-2. 818), ventilation in room(χ2 = 25.411, P<0.01, OR =0.677,95% CI = 0. 507-0. 904),cultural degree(χ2 = 13. 541, P<0.01, OR =1.820,95% CI =1. 146-2. 892),personal history of respiratory diseasesχ2 =45. 601, P<0. 01, OR =1.202,95% CI =1. 107 - 1.379), family history of respiratory diseases (χ2 = 18. 191, P <0.01, OR = 1.602,95% CI = 1.389- 1.932). Conclusion COPD prevalence is relatively high in the parts of rural areas of Tangshan, influence factors involve numerous aspects. Importance focuses on the prevention and control of COPD.%目的 了解唐山市部分农村地区慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的流行病学特点及患病的相关因素,为唐山地区COPD的人群防治工作提供理论依据.方法 采用分层整群随机抽样的方法进行横断面调查.分别对平原地区和山区40岁以上常驻人口进行抽样,并进行肺功能检测等.结果 唐山部分地区COPD的总体患病率9.8％(136/1 384).多因素分析显示,COPD的主要影响因素有:年龄因素(x2=54.241,P＜0.01,OR=0.654,95％CI=0.536～0.798)、生活燃料(x2=14.711,P＜0.01,OR=1.336,95％ CI =1.006～1.775)、是否吸烟(x2=40.991,P＜0.01,OR=1.360,95％CI =1.225～1.577)、被动吸烟(x2=5.501,P＜0.05,OR=1.806,95％CI =1.158～2.818)、居室内通风情况(x2=25.411,P＜0.01,OR=0.677,95％CI =0.507～0.904)、文化程度(x2=13.541,P＜0.01,OR =1.820,95％CI =1.146～2.892)、呼吸道疾病个人史(x2=45.601,P＜0.01,OR =1.202,95％CI=1.107～1.379)和呼吸道疾病家族史(x2=18.191,P＜0.01,OR=1.602,95％CI =1.389～1.932)是COPD的主要影响因素.结论 唐山市部分地区COPD的患病率较高,影响因素是多方面的,应重视其防治.