气候变暖对我国南方水稻可种植区的影响

摘要

利用我国南方稻区214站1961-2009年逐日气象资料,研究气候变化对南方水稻可种植区的影响.研究结果显示:气候变暖使南方稻区活动积温(日平均气温≥10℃)明显增加,49年增加了324.4℃-d.同时水稻生长季长度也明显延长,49年延长了17.9 d.双季稻可种植区北界明显北移,三季稻可种植区北界略有北移,20世纪60-80年代,双季稻可种植区仅限于长江以南地区,但21世纪初以来的10年双季稻可种植区北界移到长江以北,即向北推移近300 km,从而使新增双季稻可种植区扩展到四川东北部、贵州东部、重庆、湖北大部、安徽中部以及江苏南部.%Using the daily weather data from 214 stations over southern China rice growing area during 1961-2009, impact of global warming on the rice cultivable area in southern China was studied. The results show that the accumulated temperature in rice-growing areas across southern China obviously increased in the period of 1961-2009, it increased up to 5980.8 °C· d in 2001 -2009,268.0 ℃· d higher than that in the 1960s. Correspondingly, the rice growing season has clearly prolonged up to 231.4 d, 16.5 d longer than that in the 1960s. And the growing boundary for double-cropping rice apparently shifted northwards, and one for triple-cropping rice slightly shifted northwards. From the 1960s to 1980s, the double-cropping rice grew only in the areas south of the Yangtze River. However in the recent 10 years, the cultivable area for double-cropping rice has extended even north of the Yangtze River, I.e., the northern boundaries have advanced northwards approximately 300 km, extending to northeastern Sichuan, eastern Guizhou, Chongqing, most Hubei, central Anhui, as well as southern Jiangsu.