我国石油资源短缺,对数量可观的煤焦油进行加氢生产燃料油和精细化学品具有重要意义.在参照贵金属和铁系催化剂优点的基础上,通过多级研磨和程序升温焙烧,制备出重质油加氢复合型催化剂.以煤焦油重质油为原料,对复合型催化剂的加氢活性进行评价比较.结果表明,复合型催化剂活性高,压力对加氢活性影响不大,反应温度和反应停留时间对加氢活性影响明显,较合适的反应条件为反应温度450℃,反应压力17 MPa,停留时间60 min;复合型催化剂的加氢活性高于贵金属催化剂和铁系催化剂.煤焦油重质油经过加氢裂化后,密度和黏度明显降低,平均相对分子质量下降15.8％,H/C原子比提高,N、S等杂原子含量大幅降低,沥青质含量由36.56％降至19.31％.复合型催化剂制备方法环境友好,具有贵金属催化剂的高活性和铁系催化剂的成本低等优点,下一步应以其他重质油为原料,开展复合型催化剂的适用性研究.%Because of the shortage of petroleum in China,it has important significance to produce fuel oil and fine chemicals from the hydrogenation of considerable amount of coal tar.Combined with the advantages of noble metal and iron catalyst,a composite catalyst for heavy oil hydrogenation by multistage grinding and temperature programmed calcination was developed.The hydrogenation activity of composite catalyst was evaluated and compared with coal tar heavy oil.The experimental results show that the activity of composite catalyst is high,and the pressure has little effect on the hydrogenation activity.The reaction temperature and residence time have obvious effect on the hydrogenation activity.The more suitable reaction conditions are 450 ℃,17 MPa and 60 min.The hydrogenation activity of composite catalyst is higher than that of noble metal catalyst and iron catalyst.After hydrocracking,the density and viscosity of coal tar heavy oil decrease obviously,and the average molecular weight decreases by 15.8％,and the H/C atom ratio is improved apparently.The content of N and S atoms are greatly reduced,and the asphaltene content decreases from 36.56％ to 19.31％.The preparation of complex catalyst is environmentally friendly with the advantages of high activity of noble metal catalyst and low cost of iron catalyst.Therefore,the applicability of composite catalyst should be studied by using other heavy oil as raw material.
展开▼
