中国南北人群在中性环境下的生理适应性和主观评价

摘要

研究中国南北人群在中性环境下，生理适应的自主神经调节和主观评价差异。采用实验设计，遴选16名南方大学生和16名北方大学生，测试生理参数，包括皮肤温度、心率、心率变异性（HRV）、血容量（BVP）、肌电（EMG），填写主观问卷。实验结果发现：1）中性环境，北方人群感觉是舒适的，各项评价指标接近中性和适中，数据较集中；南方人群感觉稍热，评价数据较离散，但热舒适（TCV）（p＝0．106＞0．05）、可接受程度（p＝0．838＞0．05）等几个主观评价与北方人群相比没有显著差异，说明南方人群有较宽的热中性温度区和较好的环境忍耐力；2）南北人群在中性环境下，平均皮肤温度有显著差异（p＝0．006＜0．05），且身体躯干部位的皮肤温度显著高于四肢皮肤温度（p＝0．009＜0．05；p＝0．043＜0．05；p＝0＜0．05；p＝0＜0．05；p＝0．002＜0．05），四肢皮肤温度差异不显著，肌电无显著差异（p＝0．961＞0．05）。心率和心率变异性的 LF／HF 比值，均值有差异，但不显著（（p＝0．265＞0．05；p＝0．618＞0．05），但BVP有显著差异（p＝0＜0．05）。%The difference on physiological adaptation of autonomic nervous regulation and subj ective evaluation between residents of southern and northern in a neutral environment in China were studied. Using the experimental design,selection of 16 south college students and 16 north of the college students, the physiological parameters test including skin temperature,heart rate,heart rate variability (HRV ), blood volume pulse(BVP),electromyography(EMG),Filling in the subjective questionnaire.The results showed that:1 )the north crowd feeling was comfortable,evaluation index was near to neutral and moderate,data was relatively concentrated compared with the south people feeling was a bit hot,evaluationdata was discrete in neutral environment,but thermal comfort (TCV)(p=0.1 06>0.05),an acceptablelevel (p=0.83 8>0.05)were no significant differences compared with the north people;2)The averageskin temperature had significant difference (p=0.006<0.05 ),and the body skin temperature wassignificantly higher than limb skin temperature(p =0.009<0.05 ;p =0.043<0.05 ;p =0<0.05 ;p =0<0.05 ;p =0.002<0.05 ),limb skin temperature difference was not significant,electromyography was notsignificant difference (p=0.9 6 1>0.05 ).Heart rate value and LF/HF value of heart rate variabilitywere both differences,but not significance(p =0.2 6 5>0.05 ;p =0.6 1 8>0.05 ).But BVP was significantdifference (p=0<0.05).