甲醇水溶液超声波制氢实验研究

摘要

介绍了一种新的制氢方法-超声波分解甲醇水溶液制氢.详细阐述了该方法的制氢反应机理,并在低频超声波(40 kHz,500 W)辐射下对该方法进行了系统的实验研究,得到了环境温度、溶液浓度、超声波振幅等因素对产氢量/速率的影响规律.实验结果表明:随着甲醇浓度的增加,产氢量呈现先增加后下降的趋势,并且浓度为1000(体积)时产氢量最高;当溶液温度从-5℃增加到40℃时,产氢量在10℃处最大,5℃处的产氢量出现局部下降;随着振幅的增加,产氢率并不是持续地增加,因为振幅过大会引起空化饱和现象.研究结果对探讨该方法的制氢机理有重要的意义,同时也可以为该制氢方法实验系统的优化设计提供重要的指导.%A novel method of hydrogen production from aqueous methanol solutions under low-frequency ultrasound was systematically studied under low frequency and the mechanism of production hydrogen was explained. The influence rules of parameters such as temperature, concentration, ultrasound amplitude etc. on H2 yield and production rate were obtained. The results show that with increase of methanol concentration hydrogen yield increases initially and comes to a maximum at 10％ (vol) then decreases.When the solution temperature increases from - 5℃ to 40℃, the hydrogen yields show a maximum at 10℃ and a local decline at -5℃. With the increase of ultrasonic amplitude, the hydrogen production rate does not increase continually, because too great of amplitude may cause cavitation saturation phenomenon. The results obtained in this paper have an important significance for discussing the reaction mechanism of this hydrogen production method, and could be beneficial for optimizing reaction conditions.