我国碳减排模式探讨——CCS路线与生物甲烷路线的比较

摘要

CCS (carbon capture and storage) route and biomethane route are very important methods to reduce CO2 emission. But the high cost for CO2 capture in CCS route, and the small scale in biomethane route limit their widespread application. In this work, CCS route and biomethane route were compared in terms of economics and technology. It was found that theoretical energy consumption of biomethane route was only half of that of CCS route. The mild condition to capture CO2 in biomethane route was beneficial to increasing adsorption capacity and then reducing capture cost. Thus biomethane route was better to reduce CO2 emission. In order to solve the problems in CCS route and biomethane route, a new idea to boost biomethane route by coupling of CCS route and biomethane route was proposed.%碳捕获和封存路线(carbon capture and storage,简称CCS)和生物甲烷路线是实现二氧化碳减排的两种重要途径.但CCS路线存在捕集成本高的难题,而生物甲烷路线规模小、尚处于起步阶段.本文从经济和技术角度对比了两种路线减排二氧化碳的优缺点,发现生物甲烷路线理论捕集能耗仅为CCS路线的一半,且捕集条件温和,更有利于提高吸附剂材料的容量、降低捕集成本,因而生物甲烷路线更具有减排潜力.为了解决CCS和生物甲烷路线目前存在的困境,提出了CCS与生物甲烷耦合、借助CCS加速发展生物甲烷过程的新思路.