重庆市无偿献血人群HIV感染情况的调查分析

摘要

Objective To develop suitable strategy for blood safety under new situations, HIV prevalence in voluntary blood donors in Chongqing was analyzed. Methods Information of HIV infected individuals from voluntary blood donors from Chongqing Blood Center between 2000 and 2009 was collected,the epidemiological characteristics of those during 2007～2009 were analyzed.Results HIV infections among voluntary blood donors were increasing in Chongqing in recent years,the HIV infection rate was 72.1 per 100,000,most HIV infected individuals were males of less than 30 years old;Most of them were infected only by HIV,others were coinfected with TP, HCV, HBV. No difference was observed between first time and repeat voluntary blood donors.Conclusion Based on current situation of HIV infections in voluntary blood donors in Chongqing,health assessments of blood donation and consultations prior to donation should be strengthened,identification for high risk donors should be enhanced,health education for voluntary blood donation in publicity would be required , and development of stable low risk blood donation teams should be recommended.%目的 通过分析重庆市无偿献血者人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染的情况,探寻如何保证新形势下血液安全的策略.方法 按血站常规检测献血者HIV感染状况,收集2000～2009年重庆市血液中心献血者HIV感染资料,重点分析2007～2009年间HIV感染者基本信息,分析其流行病学特征.结果 重庆市无偿献血人群的HIV感染率呈现逐年上升趋势,2009年HIV感染率达72.1/10万;HIV感染者主要为小于30岁的低年龄段男性;多数为单一性感染,其次为合并梅毒螺旋体、丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)、乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)等病原体感染.在初次献血和再次献血的无偿献血者中,HIV感染率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 针对重庆市无偿献血者HIV感染的现状,应加强献血的健康评估和献血前咨询工作,加强对高危献血者的甄别,并在无偿献血宣传中加强健康教育,同时发展低危、固定的无偿献血队伍.