目的 探讨中、老年人甲状腺结节超声显像特点及其诊断价值.方法 对154例中、老年干部甲状腺检查的高频彩色多普勒超声图像资料进行回顾性分析,将其按年龄分为5组:40～＜50岁组、50～＜60岁组、60～＜70岁组、70～＜80岁组及80～＜90岁组;按是否检出甲状腺结节分为结节组及正常组.结果 154例体检者中发现甲状腺肿块85例(55.19%),且均为甲状腺结节,其中40～＜50岁组检出率为20.00%,50～＜60岁组检出率为25.00%,60～＜70岁组检出率为48.39%,70～＜80岁组检出率为68.97%,80～＜90岁组检出率为75.93%,随着年龄的增长,结节的发病率呈明显上升趋势.结节直径约2～25 mm,结节以低回声(68.23%)及多发结节(76.47%)为主,边界较清晰,少部分为囊性或囊实混合性.结节内血流信号多为0级(92.94%).结节组与正常组体检者比较,仅右侧叶前后径的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组其余甲状腺径线测值比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 高频彩色多普勒超声对诊断中、老年人甲状腺结节具有较高的敏感性,可作为其辅助检查的首选方法.%Objective To explore the preventive effect of 'cluster treatment regimen' on ventilator associated pneumonia(VAP) in severe craniocerebral trauma. Methods Patients with severe craniocerebral trauma treated with ventilator from January to December 2008 served as observation group(n = 205) ,and the patients with severe craniocerebral trauma treated with ventilator from January to December 2007 served as control group(n = 222). The patients in control group were subjected to conventional treatment and infection control treatment, while patients in observation group were given additional cluster treatment regimen to prevent VAP based on the treatment regimen of control group. Results Among patients treated with ventilator, the percentage of patients suffered from VAP in observation group were lower significantly than that in control group throughout the year(t = 6. 651,P<0. 01). Conclusion Intervention of cluster treatment regimen on patients with severe craniocerebral trauma who treated with ventilator can prevent the occurrence of VAP effectively.
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