羊水 ABH血型物质测定与 ABO 血型基因分型

摘要

Objective To detect amniotic fluid ABH blood group substances and ABO blood group genotype by the polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers(PCR-SSP) to increase the prenatal diagnosis of fetal ABO blood group .Methods 53 pregnant women with gestational age 16 -25 weeks were selected .Amniotic fluid was extracted for detecting ABH blood group substances by the serological indirect agglutinating reaction ;the amniotic fluid cells were separated for extracting DNA .Then the PCR-SSP technique was adopted to analyze the ABO blood group genotypes .Results 16 specimens of amniotic fluid were non-se-creting type phenotype(30 .2% ) and 37 specimens of amniotic fluid were secreting type phenotype (69 .8% );48 specimens of amni-otic fluid were detected out the ABO blood group genotype by the PCR-SSP method .ABO blood group of fetal amniotic fluid cells by the gene identification was consistent to the detection results of amniotic fluid secreting type ABH blood group substances .Con-clusion The PCR-SSP technique can accurately detect the fetal amniotic fluid cells ABO blood group .%目的：通过检测羊水ABH血型物质和序列特异性引物-聚合酶链反应（PCR-SSP）基因技术检测胎儿羊水细胞ABO血型基因型，鉴定胎儿ABO血型。方法选取妊娠16～25周的孕妇53例，抽取羊水，利用间接凝集实验测定羊水AB H血型物质；将羊水细胞进行分离，提取羊水细胞DNA ，运用PCR-SSP技术分析其ABO血型基因型。结果16例羊水标本为非分泌型，占30．2％，37例羊水标本为分泌型，占69．8％；48例羊水标本通过PCR-SSP方法检测出了ABO血型的基因型。经基因鉴定的胎儿羊水细胞ABO血型与羊水分泌型ABH血型物质检测结果一致。结论 PCR-SSP技术可以准确地检测胎儿羊水细胞的ABO血型。