广州健康儿童鼻前庭定植金黄色葡萄球菌危险因素研究∗

摘要

Objective To understand the staphylococcus aureus nasal vestibule colonization situation and its risk factors a-mong the community children.Methods The cross-sectional survey study method was adopted,the related data and the nasal swab samples from 1 012 healthy elementary school students in the Liwan district of Guangzhou city were collected.The 1 6Sr RNA and mecA gene were detected by PCR method after bacterial isolation and identification.Results The nasal vestibule colonization rate of methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus (MSSA)was 38.9% and which of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MR-SA)was 1.2%.The MSSA colonization was related with the antibiotic exposure history in the past 1 year and the skin soft tissue infection(P <0.05).The MRSA colonization was mainly related with the history of visiting to clinic during the past 1 year(P <0.05).Conclusion The nasal vestibule colonization rate of MSSA among healthy children at school in the Liwan district of Guang-zhou city is higher,while which of MRSA is lower.The prevalence of MSSA is mainly related with the antibiotic use history and skin soft tissue infection,while which of MRSA is mainly related with the hospital exposure history in the past 1 year.%目的：了解社区健康儿童鼻前庭定植金黄色葡萄球菌及其危险因素。方法采用横断面调查研究方法,收集广州市荔湾区1012名健康小学生的相关资料及鼻拭子样本,对细菌进行分离鉴定后,使用聚合酶链反应(PCR)法检测金黄色葡萄球菌16 SrRNA 及 mecA 基因。结果小学生鼻前庭甲氧西林敏感性金黄色葡萄球菌(MSSA)定植率为38.9%,耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)定植率为1.2%。MSSA 定植主要与过去1年曾有过抗生素暴露史及皮肤软组织感染史有关(P <0.05), MRSA 定植主要与过去1年曾有医院/门诊看病史有关(P <0.05)。结论广州荔湾区在校健康儿童 MSSA 鼻前庭定植率较高而 MRSA 鼻定植率较低,MSSA 流行主要与抗生素使用史和皮肤软组织感染史有关,MRSA 流行主要与过去1年有医院暴露史有关。