Objective To investigate the relationship of the colonization of methicillin-resistant Staphlococcus aureus (MRSA) and extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) with the gestational age,delivery methods,postnatal days (within 72 h) and pregnancy complications,so as to prevent and control the occurrence of nosocomial infection.Methods Newborns born in our hospital from March to August in 2016 were randomly divided into 2 groups.Group A was sampled of nasal swabs and anal swabs immediately after birth,and group B was sampled of nasal swabs and anal swabs at 72 h after birth,and these samples were tested.Results The positive rate of MRSA and ESBLs in neonatal intestinal bacterial colonization was not related to the neonatal delivery mode (vaginal delivery or cesarean section) or posmatal days (P ＞0.05).It was related to the gestational age (full-term or premature),pregnancy anemia,gestational diabetes,pregnancy cholestasis syndrome,premature rupture of fetal membranes,oligohydramnios,and meconium-stalning amniotic fluid (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The premature babies and newborns whose mother were with pregnancy anemia,gestational diabetes,pregnancy cholestasis syndrome,premature rupture of fetal membranes,oligohydramnios,and meconium-staining amniotic fluid are prone to MRSA and ESBLs drug-fast bacteria.For this type of newborn,contact isolation should be carried out after birth,and effective prevention and control will be performed,so as to achieve the goals of early detection,early protection,early diagnosis,and early treatment of hospital infection.%目的 研究产科新生儿耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)及超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)肠杆菌定植与新生儿胎龄、分娩方式、生后日龄(72 h内)、孕母妊娠合并症的关系,以预防和控制医院感染的发生.方法 将我院产科2016年3-8月出生的新生儿随机分为2组,A组新生儿出生断脐后立即取鼻拭子和肛拭子送检,B组新生儿生后72 h取鼻拭子和肛拭子送检.结果 新生儿MRSA及ESBLs肠杆菌定植阳性率与新生儿分娩方式(阴道分娩和剖宫产)及生后日龄无关(P＞0.05);与新生儿胎龄(足月和早产),产妇有无妊娠贫血、妊娠糖尿病、妊娠胆汁淤积综合征、胎膜早破、羊水减少、羊水粪染等合并症有关(P＜0.05).结论 早产儿及母亲有妊娠贫血、妊娠糖尿病、妊娠胆汁淤积综合征、胎膜早破、羊水减少、羊水粪染合并症的新生儿易发生MRSA和ESBLs耐药菌的定植,对于这类新生儿,出生后需进行接触隔离,采取有效防控,实现医院感染防控早发现、早防护、早诊断、早治疗的目标.
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