听障儿童与健听儿童韵律词重音声学特征的比较研究

摘要

Objective To study the difference of the acoustic characteristics of stresses of prosodic words between hearing-impaired and normal-hearing children. Methods The three acoustic parameters including intensity, duration and basic frequency of the stressed syllable were compared between hearing-impaired (abnormal stressed and normal stressed)and normal-hearing children. Results (1)The increment of mean syllable F0 of the abnormal stressed group was smaller than that of the normal stressed group and normal-hearing group. (2)For the abnormal stressed group, the differences of the mean syllable intensity(MSI) and syllable duration(SD) between stressed and unstressed syllables were significant and the differences of mean syllable F0(MSF0) were insignicant. (3)For the normal stressed group,the differences of the MSF0 between stressed and unstressed syllables of the prosodic words in sentences were significant, but the differences of the MSI, SD MSF0 between stressed and unstressed syllables of the prosodic words alone were significant. Conclusion (1) As compared with the normal-hearing children, the parameters which the abnormal stressed group use to represent stressed syllables are intensity and duration of the syllable, while that of the normal stressed group is F0 of the syllable. (2)There are some differences in the stresses of prosodic words of hearing-impaired children when they appear independently and in the sentences.%目的探讨听障儿童与健听儿童韵律词重音声学特征的异同。方法分别对健听儿童和听障儿童（重音异常组，重音正常组）重音音节的音强、音长、音高进行比较分析。结果①重音异常组韵律词前后字的平均基频增量总体小于重音正常组与健听儿童；②重音异常组韵律词的重音与非重音音节的平均强度（mean syllable intensity,MSI)、相对时长（syllable duration,SD)差异总体显著，平均基频（mean syllable F0,MSF0）差异总体不显著；③重音正常组句中韵律词的重音与非重音音节的MSF0差异显著，而单独韵律词的MSI、SD、MSF0差异总体显著。结论①与健听儿童相比，重音异常组听障儿童表现韵律词重音的声学参数为音强和音长，重音正常组听障儿童则为音高；②听障儿童韵律词单独出现时与在句中出现时的重音情况不同。