学龄前听障儿童口腔共鸣障碍的特征研究

摘要

目的 比较听障儿童与健听儿童口腔共鸣的差异,探讨学龄前听障儿童口腔共鸣障碍的特征.方法 选取3～5岁康复6个月以上的学龄前听障儿童和健听儿童各30名,男女各半,采用praat软件测试被试核心单韵母/a/的第一共振峰(/a/F1)、/i/的第二共振峰(/i/F2)、/u/的第二共振峰(/u/F2),并进行比较分析.结果 学龄前听障儿童的/a/F1和/i/F2显著低于健听儿童,/u/F2极显著高于健听儿童,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.001);21名学龄前听障儿童存在口腔共鸣障碍,发生率为70％.其中前位聚焦障碍17名(57％),后位聚焦障碍1名(3％),混合聚焦障碍3名(10％).结论 听障儿童存在口腔共鸣障碍的比例很大,主要为前位聚焦,发/i/、/u/的F2值可为听障儿童口腔共鸣障碍的评估提供参考.%Objective To compare the differences between the oral resonances of normal and hearing impaired children and to explore the oral rsonance dorder characteristics for peschool hearing impaired children.Methods Choose the children who are three to five years old including preschool hearing-impaired children with language rehabilitation more than 6 months and normal hearing children.The number of each group is thirty (half male and half female).We collect and analyze preschool hearing-impaired children and normal hearing children the /a/F1 、/i/F2、/u/F2 of Core single finals by PRAAT software.Results The/a/F1 and/i/F2 of the hearing impaired children are lower than that of the normal children while the / u/F2 is higher.There are significant differences in/a/F1、/i/F2、/u/F2 between hearing-impaired children and normal hearing children(P＜0.05).21 hearing impaired children have oral resonance disorder,accounting for 70％,including 17 cases of front focus disorder(57％),1 cases of posterior focus disorder (3％) and 3 cases of mixed focus disorder(10％).Conclusion The proportion of the oral cavity resonance obstacles is very large and mainly is front focus;/i/F2 and/u/F2 can provide a meaningful reference for oral resonance disorder for children with hearing loss.