腹泻病婴幼儿艰难梭菌定植与感染情况分析

摘要

目的：了解腹泻病婴幼儿艰难梭菌定植与感染情况并探讨其检测方法。方法收集2014～2015年儿科消化门诊腹泻婴幼儿的临床资料及粪便，通过厌氧培养、毒素 A 和 B PCR 扩增法和酶联免疫法检测粪便中艰难梭菌和毒素。结果65份标本中，厌氧培养阳性19例（29.23％），19例经 PCR 扩增， A／B 毒素阳性5例（7.69％）；酶联免疫法检测抗原阳性22例（33.85％），与厌氧培养比较，差异无统计学意义（P ＞0．05），毒素 A／B 阳性5例（7.69％）与 PCR 扩增法比较，差异无统计学意义（P ＞0．05）。结论婴幼儿有较高的艰难梭菌定植率，其中多为非产毒株，并不致病；酶联免疫法检测艰难梭菌抗原和毒素可以用于临床筛检。%Objective To investigate clostridium difficile bacteria colonization and infection in infants with diarrhea and discuss the testing methods.Methods The cases and feces of infants with diarrhea were collected in pediatric digestive outpatient from 2014 to 2015.We detected clostridium difficile bacteria and toxins in the feces by anaerobic culture,toxin A and B PCR amplification method,and enzyme-linked immu-nosorbent assay.Results Of 65 specimens,19 cases(29.2%)were positive for anaerobic culture.The A/B toxin were positive in 5 cases(6.2%)in the 19 cases by PCR amplification.Antigen was positive in 22 cases (33.8%)by enzyme-linked immunoassay detection,and there was no statistically significant difference when compared with anaerobic culture.Toxin A/B was positive in 5 cases(6.2%),and there was no statistically significant difference when compared with PCR amplification method.Conclusion Infants have higher clos-tridium difficile colonization rate,and the majority does not produce toxins and does not cause diseases.En-zyme-linked immunoassay detection for clostridium difficile antigen and toxins can be used for clinical screening.