目的:调查护士对卧床患者肺部感染的预防与护理的知识及态度水平,并分析其影响因素.方法:采用便利抽样法,选取来自全国6个省份的6所三级医院、11所二级医院及8所一级医院的3903名护士作为调查对象,采用自行设计的"护士对卧床患者肺部感染预防与护理知识及态度调查问卷"进行调查.结果:护士知识获取途径以科内培训(90.55％)常见,不同医院级别间护士知识获取途径有差异(P<0.05);护士对卧床患者肺部感染预防与护理知识及态度的得分分别为(9.95±1.77)分、(28.71±3.37)分;科室性质、年龄、学历、职称和职务是知识得分的影响因素(P<0.05);护士态度得分则受所在医院等级、学历以及聘用形式的影响(P<0.05).结论:护士对卧床患者肺部感染预防与护理相关知识总体水平处于中等偏上、态度积极,仍有较大提升空间,护理管理者应定期对其进行系统、全面的培训和评估,加强其对卧床患者肺部感染预防护理的正性态度,规范其预防与护理行为,从而提高护理服务质量.%Objective: To investigate nurses' knowledge and attitude on pneumonia prevention and intervention for bedridden patients, to explore the influencing factors. Methods: Totally 3903 nurses from 6 tertiary hospitals, 11 secondary hospitals and 8 first-level hospitals in 6 provinces in China, were recruited and investigated with a self-designed questionnaire using convenience sampling method. Results: The department training (90.55％) was the common approach of nurses' knowledge acquisition, and there were significant differences in the way of knowledge acquisition between nurses in different hospital levels (P<0.05). The mean scores of knowledge and attitude of pneumonia were 9.95±1.77 and 28.71±3.37, respectively. The nurses with different departments, age, educational backgrounds, job titles and positions had significantly different knowledge scores (P<0.05). The attitude score of nurses were influenced by hospital levels, educational backgrounds and employment forms (P<0.05). Conclusion: Clinical nurses have positive attitudes towards the prevention and intervention of pneumonia. And the overall level of knowledge on pneumonia for bedridden patients was in the medium level, which still need improvement. Nursing managers should strengthen systematic and rounded training to improve clinical nurses' knowledge, and conduct routine evaluation to improve training effect. Then we could standardize the behaviors of pneumonia prevention and nursing care and improve nurses' attitude towards bedridden patients and the quality of nursing service.
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