我国村级医疗机构卫生资源配置现状及公平性分析

摘要

Objective:To analyze the equity of health resource allocation in village-level medical institution in China,thus to provide the basis for formulating relevant health resources allocation policy.Methods:Using Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient,the rationality and equity of allocation of village health resources in China were evalua-ted by the equity of population distribution and the equity of geographical distribution.Results:The Gini coefficient of village health workers and health institutions was 0.19 and 0.20 respectively according to population distribu-tion,and was 0.65 and 0.63 respectively according to geographical distribution.The Gini coefficient's difference of village-level health resources in the eastern,central and western regions was small according to population distri-bution,but the difference was larger according to geographical distribution among different areas.Conclusion:The equity of village-level health resource allocation in China was preferable according to population distribution,but the equity according to geographic distribution was poorer.The formulation of health policy should pay more atten-tion to the equity of geographic distribution and allocate rationally.%目的对我国村级医疗机构卫生资源配置的公平性进行分析,为制定相关卫生资源配置政策提供依据.方法运用Lorenz曲线和Gini系数,以人口分布公平性和地理分布公平性来评价我国村级卫生资源配置的合理性及公平性.结果村级卫生人员和卫生机构按人口分布的Gini系数分别为0.19和0.20,按地理分布的Gini系数分别为0.65和0.63;东、中、西部村级卫生资源按人口分布的Gini系数差异较小,但按地理面积分布的Gini系数各地区间差异较大.结论我国村级卫生资源配置按人口分布的的公平性较好,但按地理分布的公平性较差.卫生政策的制定要重视卫生资源配置的地理公平性,合理布局.