外军作战伤员救护止血药材概述

摘要

介绍了肢体止血带、交界止血带、止血敷料和弹力绷带、氨甲环酸4类战术作战伤员救护(tactical combat casualty care,TCCC)止血药品器材在外军作战伤员救护中的应用.分别阐述了各止血药材的结构特点、操作流程、应用范围、技术重点和部分止血带的发展历史,对比分析了国内军队止血药材在设计和发展中存在的问题.提出了应重视止血药材实用便携的需求设计、建立全面的药材品种系统、科学合理配置战术区急救药材等几点建议,为提高军队战术部队止血药材的研发水平与效能提供借鉴和参考.%The application of four kinds of hemostatic tools in tactical combat casualty care (TCCC) of foreign armies was introduced,including extremity tourniquet,junctional tourniquet,hemostatic dressing.and elastic bandage as well as tranexamic acid.The above hemostatic tools were described from the aspects of structure,operating process,application range and technical points,and the histories of some tourniquet were also expounded.The problems of Chinese PLA were analyzed in designing and developing hemostatic tool.Some suggestions were put forward such as enhancing the practicability and portability of hemostatic tool,rational allocation of TCCC drugs and instruments and etc.