福建省动物宿主感染巴贝虫调查研究

摘要

We explored the status of Babesia infection in natural hosts in Fujian Province.Rodents in Fujian Province were captured by the night trapping method during 2014-2016.Heart blood samples were collected.At the same time blood samples of ox,goats and dogs were also collected,from which the fragments of 18S rRNA gene of Babesia were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Data on infection rate were analyzed with Chi-square or Fisher exact test to indicate statistical significance.Results showed that 5 917 cages were laid and 381 rodents were captured,density of rodent was 6.44％.The o verall Babesia infection rate in rodents was 7.61％,while infection rate in domesticated rodents was 1.68％,and the infection rate in wide rodents was 12.87％.The infection rate was higher in wild rodents than that in domesticated rodents,and the statistical analysis result revealed a significant difference.The infection rates in region of Central Fujian and Eastern Fujian was high,and no infection was found in Southern Fujian region.The statistical analysis result revealed a significant difference in infection rate among different regions.The infection rate of goats and dogs were determined to be 1.79 ％ and 0.55 ％,and no infection was found in ox.The infection rate was higher in rodents than that in other host animals,and the statistical analysis result revealed a significant difference.It is suggested that the rodents,especially the wide rodents are the main natural hosts of Babesia.%目的 了解福建省动物宿主感染巴贝虫状况.方法 2014-2016年本中心在福建各地捕鼠,笼日法捕鼠,采集鼠心脏血,同时采集牛、羊和狗的血液样本,采用PCR扩增巴贝虫18S rRNA基因,感染率的比较采用x2检验或Fisher's确切概率法.结果 调查共布放鼠笼5 917笼次,捕鼠381只,鼠密度为6.44％.全省鼠类巴贝虫的感染率7.61％.家栖鼠中仅3只感染巴贝虫,感染率为1.68％.野鼠中26只感染巴贝虫,感染率为12.87％.野鼠感染率远高于家鼠,差异存在统计学意义(P＜0.05).地区分布看,闽中地区感染率最高,其次为闽东,闽南地区感染率最低,差异存在统计学意义(P＜0.05).其他动物,牛的血样未检出巴贝虫,狗和羊的血样中各1只检出巴贝虫,感染率分别为1.79％和0.55％.鼠类的巴贝虫感染率高于其他动物的感染率,差异存在统计学意义(P＜0.05).序列分析显示鼠类感染的均为田鼠巴贝虫.而犬中检出的巴贝虫为犬巴贝虫.结论 福建省巴贝虫宿主动物中鼠类尤其是野鼠,感染率最高,可能是我省巴贝虫最重要的宿主.