宁波地区儿童肺吸虫病36例临床分析

摘要

目的 分析宁波地区肺吸虫病患儿的临床特征,为儿童肺吸虫病的临床诊治提供依据,减少误诊率.方法 收集2010年1月至2016年12月宁波市妇女儿童医院儿科确诊的儿童肺吸虫病病例共36例,回顾性分析患儿的临床特点及诊治情况.结果 36例患儿年龄3.4岁-12岁,平均年龄6.6岁,其中男20例,女16例,城区22例,农村14例;29例发病前有生吃或烤吃溪蟹、淡水虾病史,7例有下水游泳捕捉溪蟹或饮用生溪水史.临床症状以咳嗽咳痰、发热、胸闷胸痛、腹痛为主. 36例外周血嗜酸性粒细胞比例及绝对值计数均增高,31例血 IgE明显升高,36例肺吸虫血清抗体检测均阳性.32例患儿胸部CT显示以为肺内斑片影及胸腔积液为主的异常表现.头颅MRI检查2例存在肺吸虫脑病影像学表现.36例患儿在确诊后均给予吡喹酮治疗,均未出现明显不良反应.结论 宁波地区儿童肺吸虫病临床表现复杂多样,应详细询问患儿的饮食及生活习惯病史,并结合外周血嗜酸性粒细胞、IgE检测结果及影像学资料综合分析,从而早期诊断及治疗,减少误诊率.%We analyzed the clinical characteristics of paragonimiasis in children in Ningbo City,in order to provide a basis for diagnosis and treatment of this disease,and to reduce the misdiagnosis.Thirty-six children seen in ningbo women and chil-dren's hospital from January 2010 to December 2016 with a diagnosis of paragonimiasis were studied,and the medical history, conditions of diagnosis and treatment were retrospectively analyzed.A total of 36 cases were included,and there were 20 boys and 16 girls with a mean ages of 6.6 (3.4-12)years.Among these patients,22 lived in urban area and 14 in rural area.There were 29 cases with the history of eating raw or baked crabs,freshwater shrimp and 7 cases with the history of catching the crab or drinking raw stream water before the disease onset.The clinical symptoms varied,mainly for cough and expectoration,fe-ver,chest tightness or pain and abdominal pain.All children had the elevated eosinophilia in peripheral blood,and the blood IgE were significantly increased in 3 1 cases.Paragonimiasis serum antibody detection were all positive.The chest CT showed abnormal performance in 32 cases which mainly for the pulmonary lesions and pleural effusion.And 2 cases showed the imaging findings of paragonimiasis encephalopathy in their head MRI.All patients were given praziquantel treatment after the definite diagnosis,and all were not found significant adverse reactions.The clinical manifestations of children paragonimiasis in Ningbo City were complex and diverse,the children's diet and lifestyle history should be asked in detail,at the same time,combined with peripheral blood eosinophils,IgE test results and the imaging data,made a comprehensive analysis,so as to make a early diagnosis and treatment as soon as possible,and reduce the misdiagnosis rate.