寄生蠕虫免疫逃避机制的研究进展

摘要

蠕虫感染可导致宿主脏器、消化道等发生病理损伤,危害人和动物的健康,造成繁殖能力下降,抑制幼年动物的生长发育,严重情况下甚至可导致人和动物的死亡,对公共卫生和畜牧业经济发展造成重大影响.目前,蠕虫病的防控主要依靠包括驱虫在内的综合防治措施,但由于药效不佳、药物残留、耐药性的产生等问题,新型药物及疫苗研发迫在眉睫,迄今为止少有理想的疫苗来防治蠕虫病.这是由于蠕虫在长期进化的过程中,进化出了逃避宿主免疫攻击的机制,例如免疫隔离、抗原变异、分子模拟等.因此,本文综述近年来寄生蠕虫免疫逃避机制的最新研究进展,旨在为开发有效防控蠕虫病的新型疫苗或药物提供参考.%Helminth infection can lead to organic,digestive and other tissue's pathological damage.Helminth diseases are harmful to human and animal health,and can cause reproductive failure,inhibits the growth and development of juvenile ani-mals,even lead to death of humans and animals in serious cases,and poses significant impacts on public health and causes eco-nomic losses to the animal husbandry.Currently,the prevention and control of helminth disease is largely dependent on inte-grated control measures including the use of drugs.Due to drug residues,drug resistance,and other issues,the development of new drugs and vaccines is imminent.So far,there is few ideal vaccines to control helminth diseases,which is due to that hel-minths have evolved mechanisms to evade host immune attacks during evolution,such as immune isolation,antigen variation, molecular simulation and so on.Therefore,this review describes the recent research advances in the immune evasion strategies of parasitic helminth,which aims to provide a reference for the development of new vaccines or drugs for better prevention and control of helminth diseases.