妊娠期高血压疾病的遗传因素

摘要

妊娠期高血压疾病是妊娠期特有的疾病,其严重地危害着母婴健康,是孕产妇和围生儿病率及死亡率的主要原因.该病的发病机制尚未完全阐明.目前,病因学研究主要集中在浅着床、免疫机制、血管内皮损伤、营养缺乏及胰岛素抵抗等方面.随着遗传学和分子生物学的不断发展,发现妊娠期高血压疾病具有家族聚集性,提示该病可能与遗传因素密切相关.妊娠期高血压疾病具有多种易感基因,易感基因的发现及基因检测技术的发展可为该病的预防、诊断及治疗提供新的方向.该文就近年来这一领域的相关研究进行综述.%Hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy is a special disease during pregnancy, which threatens maternal and infant health seriously and is the main cause of morbidity and mortality of pregnant woman and perinatal infant. The pathogenesis of the disease has not been fully clarified yet. At present, the etiology researches mainly focus on shallow implantation, immune mechanism, vascular endothelial injury, malnutrition, and insulin resistance, etc. With the development of genetics and molecular biology, familial aggregation of hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy is found, which indicates that the disease might be closely related with genetic factors. Hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy has a variety of susceptibility genes. The discovery of susceptibility genes and the progress of genetic testing could provide new trend for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of the disease. This article reviewed the researches in this field carried out in recent years.