单独二胎计划妊娠妇女孕前抑郁状况调查

摘要

Objective To explore the depressive status of women with selective two-child planning pregnancy.Methods In last year 5000 women intending to pregnancy and taking prenatal examination in Women and Children Health Hospital of Futian District in Shenzhen were selected, and they were divided into three groups according to their fertility:group A (3970 cases with one child), group B (760 cases with selective two-child) and group C (270 cases with two children for other reason).Their age, educational level, income, times with conception and previous delivery mode were investigated, and Beck depression inventory (BDI) was used to test their preconception depression state.Results There was significant difference in age among three groups (F=1187, P<0.05), but their educational degree and monthly income were not significantly different (χ2 value was 2.64 and 2.12, respectively, both P>0.05).The cesarean section rate in selective two-child group was significantly higher than the other two-child group (χ2 =133.27, P <0.05).There was significant difference in depressive scale among three groups (χ2 =12.97, P<0.001) .Group comparison showed that cases with mild depression in group B were significantly more than those in group A and group C (χ2 value was 4.85 and 12.97, respectively, both P<0.05), but the difference between group A and C was not significant (χ2 =0.35, P>0.05).The incidence of mild depression in cases with previous cesarean section was significantly higher than that in cases with vaginal delivery (χ2 =8.51, P<0.05).Conclusion The mental pressure of women with selective two-child planning pregnancy is high, especially the women with previous cesarean section.They should be guided to select safe pregnant timing to create good mental conditions for better bearing and rearing as well as population quality.%目的 了解单独二胎计划妊娠妇女孕前心理抑郁状况.方法 选择近1年在深圳市福田区妇幼保健院行孕前检查的计划妊娠妇女5000例,根据孕育情况分为3组,A组:一胎未育组3970例;B组:单独二胎组760例,C组:其他二胎组270例.了解其年龄、文化程度、收入情况、孕产次及前次分娩方式等,并以Beck抑郁量表测试其孕前抑郁状态.结果 3组年龄有显著性差异(F=1187,P<0.05),而学历、月收入均无显著性差异(χ2值分别为2.64、2.12,均P>0.05),单独二胎者第一胎剖宫产率显著高于其他二胎组(χ2=133.27,P<0.05).3组之间抑郁评分有显著性差异(χ2=12.97,P<0.001),每两组比较显示,B组轻度抑郁者较A、C两组显著增多(χ2值分别为4.85、12.97,均P<0.05),而A与B相比差异无显著性(χ2=0.35,P>0.05).第一胎剖宫产者轻度抑郁发生率显著高于阴道产者(χ2=8.51,P<0.05).结论 单独二胎计划妊娠妇女所承受的心理压力较高,尤其是第一胎剖宫产的妇女,应指导其选择安全的妊娠时机,为妊娠创造良好的心理条件,以利优生优育,提高人口素质.