超声造影对肝转移癌射频消融的应用价值

摘要

目的 探讨超声造影(CEUS)在射频消融(RFA)治疗肝转移癌中的应用价值.方法 141例经临床及病理确诊并拟行RFA的肝转移癌患者,其中102例行CEUS检查,86例被确定符合RFA适应证(A组)为研究对象;同期RFA前未行CEUS检查的39例定为对照组(B组).根据造影灌注特征及病灶数目、大小、形态、浸润范围、位置、与周围结构关系等确定RFA适应证并制定方案进行治疗;B组根据常规超声及CT或MR诊断结果治疗.结果 102例CEUS后计16例确定为非RFA适应证,其中3例10个灶经6～10个疗程化疗后显示病灶内或周边无强化征象,考虑无活性;13例造影后显示病灶浸润范围大于8 cm或多于7个灶或紧邻膈顶、第二肝门等部位并分界不清等.A组中36例(41.9%)病灶增多1～3个(计58灶),大小约8～15 mm,其中79.4%(46/58个灶)仅在实质期显示,共计86例209个灶行RFA治疗;造影后49.7%(75/151灶)显示较原病灶范围增大,其中69.3%(52/75灶)在动脉期增强范围增大,30.7%(23/75灶)在廓清时弱回声范围增大,增大范围均被消融治疗.经1～3个月增强CT随访,肿瘤灭活率A组为94.7%(198/209),B组为87.6%(99/113);2～17个月局部复发A组为7.1%(15/209),B组为14.1%(16/113);A组37.2%(32/86例)出现新生转移灶,B组为43.5%(17/39例);两组灭活率及复发率差异均有统计学意义.结论 超声造影可为射频治疗肝转移癌适应证的选择和治疗范围的确定提供参考依据,从而有效提高疗效并降低复发率,是RFA治疗肝转移癌重要的辅助方法.%Objective To evaluate the clinical value of contrast enhanced uhrasound(CEUS)for uhrasoundguided radiofrequency ablation(RFA)of liver metastasis.Methods One hundred and forty-one consecutive patients with liver metastasis asked for RFA treatment in our department.Of them,102 patients with received CEUS with SonoVue before RFA treatment.Eighty-six of the 102 patients were regarded as indications for RFA by CEUS(Group A).During the same period,another 39 patients who received conventional US without contrast before RFA were served as the control group(Group B).In Group A,the RFA protocol for each case was designed according to CEUS finding,which included perfusion feature,lesion number,size,shape,invasive range,location and relationship between tumor and surrounding structures.In Group B.the RFA protocol for each case was designed according to conventional ultrasound and CT/MRI result.Results In 102 patients who intended to receive RFA treatment,1 6 were excluded from RFA after CEUS examination.Of them,3 patients with 10 tumors received 6-10 sessions of chemotherapy and there were no enhancement within or around tumors.Another 13 cases were found that the invasive range being more than 8 cm in size,tumor number more than 7,and tumor location adhered to diaphragm and second hepatic helium by CEUS.In Grou0 A,CEUS detected additional 1-3 tumors in 36 patients(41.9%).The size range of the 58 new tumors was 8-15 mm.Of these,79.4%(46/58 tumors)were visualized in parenchymal phase.A total of 209 liver metastasis tumors were treated by RFA.CEUS before RFA demonstrated 49.7%(75/151 tumors)were 1arger in size compared with conventional US.Of these,69.3%(52/75 tumors)presented larger in arterial phase,the remaining 30.7%(23/75 tumors)presented larger in parenchymal phase,and the increased area was also ablated.On 1-3 months follow up with CT,the tumor necrosisrate in Group A was 94.7%(198/209 tumors),which was significantly higher than 87.6%(99/113 tumors)in Group B ( P=0.013). During follow-up period, local recurrence were found in 15 tumors (7.1 %) 2-17 months after REA and intrahepatic new tumors developed in 32 patients (37.2%) 2-17 months after RFA in group A,While local recurrence were found in 16 tumors (14.1%) and intrahepatic new tumors developed in 17 patients (43.5%) in group B ( P=0. 041, P ＞0.05, respectively). Conclusions CEUS provides important information for selecting candidation and designing optimal protocol for RFA in liver metastasis. The use of CEUS can increase tumor necrosis rate and decrease post-RFA tumor local recurrence,and then improve efficacy of RFA therapy.