国内木薯病害普查及细菌性萎蔫病安全性评估

摘要

2007～2010年,对广西、海南、云南等木薯主产区进行病害普查.结果发现,至今危害国内木薯的主要病害有7种,包括真菌病害6种[褐斑病(Cercosporidium henningsii)、炭疽病(colletotrichum gloeosPorioides)、离孺孢叶斑病(Bipolaris setariae)、棒孢霉叶斑病(Corynespora cassiicola)、白点病(phaeoramularia manihotis)和萎蔫叶斑病(Cercospora vicosae)],细菌病害1种[细菌性萎蔫病(Xanthomonas axonopodis pv manihotis)],其中离孺孢叶斑病和棒孢霉叶斑病为新发病害;7种病害中褐斑病和细菌性萎蔫病发生面积最大,危害最为严重.风险评估结果表明,细菌性萎蔫病菌为高度危险性有害生物.%During 2007 to 2010, cassava(Manihot esculenta Crantz)diseases survey was conducted in Guangxi, Hainan and Yunnan, the main cassava planting areas of China. The results showed that only seven diseases, six fungal diseases and one bacterial disease, were found. The cassava brown leaf spot caused by Cercosporidium henningsii and the bacterial blight caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv Manihotis prevailed in most cassava planting areas and caused serious damage. The safety assessment indicated that the cassava bacterial blight was a high risk disease. At present, cassava diseases are becoming one of the most important limiting factors for the development of cassava industry and would have a very serious,potential economic risk on correlative industry and the ecology of the tropic area.