60Co-γ辐射对木薯生长的影响及其突变体的SCoT分析

摘要

In order to discuss the effect on cassava growth and confirm DNA variations,Xinxuan 048 and South China 205 were radiated by 60Co-γ,and the dosage of radiation was 0 (CK),50,100,200,400,800 Gy,respectively.The cassava growth situation was obvered,then the phenotype identification was conducted and stable phenotypic variation was analyzed using SCoT molecular markers.The results showed that different cultivars had different sensibility to 60Co-γ.The half lethal dose of Xinxuan048 and South China 205 was 214 Gy,219 Gy,respectively,and the lethallty rate of the two cassava cultivars was 100％ when the dosage of gamma ray was 400.The cassava mutagenic dosage could be around 200 Gy,The phenotypic variability of Xinxuan 048 was 0％,0％,1.5％,5.4％,0％,0％ and Phenotypic variabilitys of South China 205 was 0％,0％,1.2％,3.5％,0％,0％,respectively under 0(CK),50,100,200,400,800 Gy.Eight mutants were obtained,and the types of the mutants were leaflet shape variation,petiole color variation,plant height variation,stem diameter variation.The results indicated differences between the parents and mutants could be distinguished with 1 lprimers on the molecular lever.The mutants are excellent materials for cassava breeding and mechanism study,and cassava mutants can be good distinguished by SCoT makers.The results could offer references for radiation mutation breeding in cassva.%为了探讨不同剂量60Co-γ射线对木薯生长的影响,确定突变体DNA变异的情况,以新选048和华南205木薯品种为供试材料,采用0(CK)、50、100、200、400、800 Gy60Co-γ射线对其进行辐射诱变,观测不同辐射剂量下木薯的生长情况,对辐射诱变后的种植材料进行表型鉴定,并对表型变异稳定的突变体采用SCoT分子标记进行分析检测.结果表明:2个木薯品种辐射敏感性不同,新选048和华南205的半致死剂量分别为214、219Gy,而当辐射剂量达到400 Gy时,2个木薯品种的致死率均达100％,因此,木薯60Co-γ辐射诱变较合适的诱变剂量在200 Gy左右;在0(CK)、50、100、200、400、800 Gy辐射剂量下,新选048的表型变异率分别为0％、0％、1.5％、5.4％、0％、0％,华南205表型变异率分别为0％、0％、1.2％、3.5％、0％、0％;据2014～2016年的表型鉴定结果,本试验获得了8份包含了裂叶叶形变异、叶柄颜色变异、株高变异、茎粗变异的稳定突变体,对其采用SCoT分子标记检测,结果发现共有11条引物可检测到木薯母本及其突变体在分子水平上的差异.这些突变体的获得为今后木薯育种及机理研究提供可靠的原材料和中间材料,且采用SCoT分子标记能较好的鉴定辐射诱变获得的木薯突变体材料,为今后木薯辐射诱变育种提供参考.