丙酮酸钙和壳聚糖为主配以药食同源中药干预营养性肥胖大鼠的减肥效应

摘要

背景:丙酮酸钙对减轻体质量有明显效果,壳聚糖具有调节免疫、促骨骼生成、降血糖、调节血脂等多种作用,将两者配以药食同源的中药制成丙-聚胶囊,其作用效果仍需进一步观察.目的:观察丙-聚胶囊对单纯性肥胖大鼠的减肥效果,探讨其减肥机制.设计:随机对照实验.单位:西安医学院公共卫生系预防医学教研室,西安交通大学医学院公共卫生系.材料:实验于2001-04/07在西安交通大学医学院公共卫生系完成.健康雄性断乳SD大鼠60只,体质量50～80 g,由西安交通大学动物中心提供.丙-聚胶囊由作者自制,主要成分为丙酮酸钙和壳聚糖,用蒸馏水配制成混悬液与中药提取物混匀备用.方法:①动物分组及造模:60只大鼠采用随机数字表法分为5组:空白对照组,模型对照组,高剂量给药组,中剂量给药组,低剂量给药组,每组12只.空白对照组喂基础饲料,其余4组给予高脂肪高营养饲料建立营养性肥胖大鼠模型.②干预处理:空白对照组和模型对照组给予胶囊中淀粉基质与等容量蒸馏水配成的混悬液,高、中、低剂量给药组按3,1.5,0.75g/kg剂量给予丙-聚胶囊灌胃,1次/d,连续30 d.③检测项目:测量用药前后体质量、体长和脂肪湿质量,计算肥胖指数和脂/体比.400倍显微镜下计数全视野脂肪细胞数,目镜测微器测脂肪细胞的大小.7170全自动生化分析仪测定血清三酰甘油、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇,血清瘦素测定按大鼠瘦素放射免疫分析试剂盒说明进行.主要观察指标:①用药前后体质量,体长和肥胖指数.②脂肪湿质量,脂/体比,脂肪细胞数和脂肪细胞的大小.③血清三酰甘油、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇,血清瘦素水平.结果:60只大鼠均进入结果分析.用药前,空白对照组体质量明显低于其他4组(P＜0.01),其他4组组间差异不明显(P＞0.05).用药后,高、中、低剂量给药组体质量,肥胖指数,脂肪湿质量,脂/体比,血清瘦素水平均低于模型对照组(P＜0.05或0.01).脂肪细胞大小小于模型对照组(P＜0.05或0.01),而脂肪细胞数多于模型对照组(P＜0.05或0.01),高、中剂量给药组血清三酰甘油、总胆固醇低于模型对照组(P＜0.05或0.01),各组体长和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇差异不明显(P＞0.05).结论:①丙-聚胶囊对营养性肥胖大鼠有明显减肥作用,该作用与促进血清瘦素分泌不相关.②丙-聚胶囊有一定的降血脂作用.%BACKGROUND: Calcium pyruvate has great effect on reducing body mass, and chitosan can regulate immunity system, promote bone growth, decrease blood sugar and adjust blood lipid. Calcium pyruvate and chi tosan capsule (CCC) was made by calcium pyruvate and chitosan combined with Chinese medicine, which can be used both as food and medicine. However, its effect still needs further observation. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the weight-reducing effect of CCC on obesity rats, and explore its mechanism.DESIGN: A randomized controlled trial.SETTING: Teaching and Research Section of Preventive Medicine, Department of Public Health, Xi'an Medical College, and Department of Public Health, Medical School of Xi' an Jiaotong University.MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted in the Department of Public Health, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University from April to July 2001. Totally 60 healthy male weaning SD rats with body mass of 50-80 g,were provided by the Animal Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University. CCC,mainly composed of calcium pyruvate and chitosan, mixed with Chinese medicine extract after prepared with distilled water, was made by the author.METHODS: ①Grouping and modeling: The 60 rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: blank control group, model control group, high, middle and low dose CCC supplement groups, respectively with 12 rats in each group. The rats in the blank control group were fed w ith basal diet; the other groups were fed with high fat and nutrition diet to establish rat models of nutritional obesity. ②Administration: The rats in the blank and model control groups were given suspension mixed with starch matrix in capsule and distilled water at same dose. The rats in the high, middle and low dose CCC groups were intragastrically infused with 3, 1.5 and 0.75 g/kg CCC, once aily for 30 days. ③Detection: Body mass, body length and wet weight of fat tissue were measured before and after administration to calculate the obese index and ratio of fat weight/body mass. The adipocyte number and adipocyte size were observed by 400-fold microscope and ocular micrometer, respectively. The detection of serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and serum leptin levels were performed according to the leptin radioimmunity analyzer kit.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①Body mass, body length and obesity index before and after administration. ②Wet weight of fat, fat/body mass,adipocyte number and size. ③TG, TC, HDL-C and serum leptin.RESULTS: All the 60 rats were involved in the result analysis. Before administration, the body mass of the blank control group was obviously lower than other 4 groups (P ＜ 0.01), and there was no significant difference among the 4 groups (P ＞ 0.05). After administration, the mean body mass,obesity index, wet weight of fat tissue, ratio of fat/body mass and leptin level of the high, middle and low CCC groups were lower than the model group (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01), and the adipocyte size were significantly smaller than those in the model group (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01), but the adipocyte number was more than the model group (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01). Meanwhile, level of TG and TC of the high and middle dose CCC groups were lower than the model group (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01), there was no significant difference in the body length and HDL-C of each group.CONCLUSION: ①CCC shows evident weight-reducing effect on rats with nutritional obesity, which is not related to the ability of CCC to enhance the serum leptin level. ②CCC can also lower the blood lipid level.