徐州市城区居民肺癌死亡情况及潜在寿命损失分析

摘要

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer keeps the first place in malignant tumor death all along. It is quite necessary to clarify the situation and tendency change of residents' lung cancer death for formulating prevention and cure strategy.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the lung cancer death characteristics, death trend and result out potential life loss of the residents in urban areas of Xuzhou.DESIGN: A retrospective descriptive epidemiology study.SETTING: Center for Disease Prevention and Control of Xuzhou.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 3 890 cases died of lung cancer between 1990 and 2003 in the urban areas of Xuzhou city. METHODS: Residents' lung cancer death characteristics and potential life span loss situation with parameters of crude death rate, standardized death rate, age specific death rate and potential life span loss and other indexes of the residents in the urban areas of Xuzhou city in 1990 and 2003were described.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①Crude death rate of lung cancer;②Potential life span loss; ③Life lost rate.RESULTS: ①During 14 years period , 3 890 cases of lung cancer death happened ,which accounted for 27.43% of total cases of malignant tumor death; ② year average death rate was 28.31/100 thousand, standardized death rate was 24.88/100 thousand, residents' potential life span loss caused by lung cancer death accounted for 24 230 people per year③ life decreasing rate was 1.19/1 000, standardized life decreasing rate was 1.45/1 000, each case of lung cancer death resulted in potential life loss of 6.23 years; males' death rate was higher than females'(x2=575.70,P ＜ 0.01), the ratio of male to female was 2.31:1. Age specific death rate of male and female after 20 years of age increased in an exponential manner.CONCLUSION: Lung cancer is the most serious malignant tumor that threatens the life health of residents in urban areas of Xuzhou city; the potential life span loss caused by lung cancer is very big. The amount of carcinogenic substances exposed in environments is closely related to the occurrence of lung cancer; therefore, prevention and control of lung cancer should be performed actively.%背景:肺癌一直高居恶性肿瘤死因构成的首位,阐明居民肺癌死亡状况及趋势变化对于制定防治策略十分必要.目的:分析徐州城区居民肺癌死亡特征、死亡趋势及造成的潜在寿命损失.设计:回顾性描述流行病学分析.单位:徐州市疾病预防控制中心.对象:1990～2003年徐州市城区所有肺癌死亡病例3 890例.方法:用粗死亡率、标化死亡率、年龄别死亡专率、潜在寿命损失年等指标统计分析,描述1990～2003年徐州市城区居民肺癌死亡特征及潜在寿命损失情况.主要观察指标:①肺癌的粗死亡率.②潜在寿命损失年.③减寿率.结果:①14年间,肺癌总计死亡3 890例,占恶性肿瘤总死亡数的27.43%,②年平均死亡率为28.31/10万,标化死亡率为24.88/10万,居民肺癌死亡潜在寿命损失年合计24 230人年,③减寿率为1.19/1 000,标化减寿率为1.45/1 000,每例肺癌死亡造成潜在寿命损失6.23岁;男性死亡率高于女性(x2=575.70,P＜0.01),男女性别比为2.31:1,20岁以后男女性年龄别死亡专率均呈指数关系递增.结论:肺癌是威胁徐州市区居民生命健康最严重的恶性肿瘤之一,肺癌造成的潜在寿命损失较大,暴露于环境中致癌物量与肺癌的发生关系密切,故应积极启动对其预防和控制工作.