碳纤维增强复合材料储能小腿假肢的最新进展

摘要

BACKGROUND:Carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer energy-storing transtibial prostheses are mature and ideal substitutes for professional disable athletes to increase performance. OBJECTIVE:By discussing the update application and study of the carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer energy-storing transtibial prosthesis and understanding the characteristics of applying transtibial prostheses in different sports program, to provide a useful reference for the design of athletes prostheses. METHODS:A computer-based search of PubMed and VIP databases was performed for articles related to carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer energy-storing transtibial prostheses published from January 1985 to December 2012. The keywords were“CFRP, energy-storing prosthesis, between-knee (transtibial) prosthesis, disable athletes”in English and Chinese, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Currently, we focus on the gait analysis, energy cost and stiffness analysis of athletes who wear carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer energy-storing transtibial prostheses. Studies have demonstrated that carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer energy-storing transtibial prostheses have more advantages over traditional prostheses, but have predominantly disadvantages over able-bodied persons. Thus, there are many difficulties in the clinical application of building carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer energy-storing transtibial prostheses based on the characteristics of athletes’ body status and sports programs.%背景：碳纤维增强复合材料小腿假肢是由碳纤维复合材料设计制作而成，其强度高、质量轻，使假肢功能更完善，尤其是残疾竞技运动员发挥运动能力的理想截肢替代物。　　目的：通过探讨由碳纤维复合材料制成的碳纤维增强复合材料小腿假肢在竞技运动小腿假肢的应用和研究进展，了解不同运动项目小腿假肢的应用特点，为设计运动员假肢提供有益借鉴。　　方法：以“碳纤维增强复合材料、储能假肢、小腿假肢、残疾运动员”为中文关键词，以“CFRP，Energy-storing Prosthesis，Between-knee(Transtibial)prosthesis，Disable athletes”为英文关键词，采用计算机检索PubMed和维普数据库中1985年1月至2012年12月的相关文章。纳入与碳纤维增强复合材料储能小腿假肢应用相关的文章。　　结果与结论：目前的研究重点包括穿戴碳纤维增强复合材料储能小腿假肢运动员的步态分析、能量消耗和应力分析3个方面。目前的研究表明碳纤维增强复合材料储能小腿假肢确实比传统假肢具有更大的优势，而与正常肢体相比，差别明显。在实际应用中，如何根据运动员的自身和项目特点设计碳纤维增强复合材料储能小腿假肢仍存在很多研究的难点问题。