骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗肺气肿：静脉和气管途径谁更有优势？

摘要

背景：骨髓间充质干细胞移植可以抑制肺气肿炎症反应及细胞凋亡，治疗肺功能严重损害已经得到实验证实。目的：探讨不同途径移植骨髓间充质干细胞对实验性肺气肿炎症反应及细胞凋亡的抑制作用。方法：Wistar 雌性大鼠随机分对照组、静脉组及气管组，均用烟熏加气管内滴注猪胰弹性蛋白酶法建立肺气肿模型。静脉组和气管组经尾静脉及气管途径移植雄性大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞，对照组尾静脉和气管内注射PBS，移植后14 d观察大鼠肺组织病理学变化，检测肺泡壁细胞凋亡指数，支气管肺泡灌洗液肿瘤坏死因子α水平。结果与结论：与对照组相比，静脉组及气管组均能减轻肺气肿病理改变，降低肿瘤坏死因子α水平及凋亡指数，差异有显著性意义(P<0.01)；但是静脉组与气管组比较，肺气肿病理改变、肿瘤坏死因子α水平及凋亡指数差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。结果表明两种途径移植骨髓间充质干细胞对肺气肿均有明显的治疗作用，从方便易行的角度考虑经静脉移植骨髓间充质干细胞治疗肺气肿较为有优势。%BACKGROUND:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s transplantation can inhibit experimental emphysema inflammatory reaction and apoptosis, and has been experimental y confirmed to treat severe lung function impairment. OBJECTIVE:To explore the inhibitory effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s transplantation via different ways on inflammatory reaction and apoptosis due to experimental emphysema. METHODS:Female Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group, intravenous group and endotracheal group fol owing model establishment using fumigation plus intratracheal instil ation of porcine pancreatic elastase. In the latter two groups, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s from male rats were injected via the tail vein and the trachea, respectively. In the control group, rats were given PBS via he tail vein and trachea. At 14 days after transplantation, pathological changes of rat lung tissues were observed, cel apoptotic index in alveolar wal cel s and tumor necrosis factorαlevel in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were detected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the control group, in the intravenous and endotracheal groups,the pathological changes of lung tissues were relieved, tumor necrosis factorαlevel and apoptosis index were reduced significantly (P<0.01);but there were no differences between the intravenous and endotracheal groups (P>0.05). These findings indicate that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s transplantation via the tail vein and trachea both can exert obvious therapeutic effects on emphysema. Moreover, cel transplantation via the tail vein is more convenient and easier than that via the trachea in the treatment of emphysema.