BACKGROUND:Skin grafting is crucial for patients with deep burns, but limited source of autologous skin grafts is an existing difficulty. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of xenogeneic (porcine) acelular dermal matrix in the treatment of deep burn wounds and the feasibility of its application. METHODS:Forty-one patients with deep burn were divided into two groups according to the intention of the patients, 21 cases in control group and 20 cases in observational group, folowed by autologous split-thickness skin grafting alone or combined with different (porcine) acelular dermal matrix, respectively. After 12 months of folow-up, the graft success rate at postoperative 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks and skin graft contraction rate and wound repair at postoperative 3, 6, 9, 12 months were observed and compared between two groups. Moreover, levels of inflammatory factors were detected and compared between two groups at postoperative 1, 2, 3 months. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The skin graft success rates showed no difference between two groups at postoperative 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks (P > 0.05). The skin graft contraction rates also showed no difference between two groups at postoperative 3, 6, 9, 12 months (P > 0.05). After 12 months of folow-up, no serious scar hyperplasia, but soft texture appeared in the control group. In the observational group, three cases presented with local pigmentation at the early stage, but it gradualy subsided with time; no obvious scar, but only smal, point-like scar, was visible, and the repaired wound exhibited soft touch. No adverse events and death occurred in both two groups. Experimental results show that the treatment of deep burns with autologous split-thickness skin grafting combined with xenogeneic (porcine) acelular dermal matrix is safe and effective, which can improve the quality of wound healing.%背景：深度烧伤患者需要进行植皮治疗，以往的自体皮移植存在皮源不足的问题。 目的：探讨异种(猪)去细胞真皮基质修复深度烧伤创面的可行性。 方法：纳入41例深度烧伤患者，按照患者意愿分为2组，对照组21例，实施自体刃厚皮移植治疗，观察组20例，实施自体刃厚皮联合异种(猪)去细胞真皮基质移植治疗。移植后随访12个月，观察患者移植后1，2，3，4周的植皮成功率和移植后3，6，9，12个月的植皮收缩率以及创面修复情况，以及移植后1，2，3个月的炎性因子水平，并进行比较。 结果与结论：(1)植皮成功率：对两组患者移植后1，2，3，4周的植皮成功率进行差异无显著性意义(P >0.05)；(2)植皮收缩率：移植后3，6，9，12个月植皮收缩率比较差异无显著性意义(P >0.05)；(3)炎性因子水平：移植后1，2，3个月对两组的炎性因子水平进行检测，不同时间点均无明显改变，且各时间点两组相关炎症检测各项指标水平差异无显著性意义(P >0.05)；(4)随访结果：对两组患者进行12个月的随访观察，对照组创面部位未出现严重的瘢痕增生，触之质地柔软；观察组3例早期出现局部色素沉着现象，随时间延长逐渐消退；均未出现明显的瘢痕，仅存在细小、点状瘢痕，修复创面触之柔软；(5)不良事件：两组治疗过程中均未出现不良事件，无死亡病例；(6)结果表明：自体刃厚皮联合异种(猪)去细胞真皮基质移植治疗深度烧伤患者可获得理想的创面修复效果，可改善创面愈合质量，是一种安全有效的修复方案。
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