BACKGROUND:To trace the survival status of transplanted stem cels and the integration with host tissues using non-invasive imaging techniques are the focus of research in recent years. OBJECTIVE:To observe the distribution and migration of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO)-labeled adipose-derived stem cels in the brain of rats with cerebral infarction. METHODS:Rat models of cerebral infarction were established and randomized into SPIO-labeled group and unlabeled group. At 1 day after modeling, the rats in the two groups were given SPIO-labeled adipose-derived stem cel suspension (10 μL) and unlabeled adipose-derived stem cel suspension (10μL) into the brain, respectively. At 1, 7, 14 days after cel transplantation, neurological severity scores were measured, and MRI was used to observe the distribution of SPIO-labeled adipose-derived stem cels. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 7 and 14 days after transplantation, the neurological severity scores in the two groups were significantly lower than those at 1 day after transplantation (P < 0.05). However, there was no difference in the neurological severity scores between the two groups (P > 0.05). At 14 days after transplantation, MRI findings showed low signals in the transplanted region, indicating the cels migrated from the corpus calosum to the lesion. These findings suggest that intracerebral transplantation of adipose-derived stem cels can promote neurological recovery from cerebral infarction in rats, and MRI can be used to visualize the distribution and migration of SPIO-labeled adipose-derived stem cels in the brain.%背景：采用无创伤性影像技术跟踪移植后干细胞的存活状态及与宿主组织整合情况，是近几年国内外学者关注的问题。目的：观察超顺磁性氧化铁标记脂肪干细胞移植后在脑梗死大鼠脑内的分布和迁徙情况。方法：建立大鼠脑梗死模型，随机分为超顺磁性氧化铁记组和未标记组，造模后1 d，脑内分别注射超顺磁性氧化铁标记的脂肪干细胞悬液10μL和未经超顺磁性氧化铁标记的脂肪干细胞悬液10μL。在移植后1，7，14 d进行NSS评分，并用磁共振成像方法观察超顺磁性氧化铁标记的脂肪干细胞的分布情况。结果与结论：移植后7，14 d两组大鼠NSS评分显著低于移植后1 d，差异有显著性意义(P <0.05)。各时间点两组之间进行比较，差异无显著性意义(P >0.05)。移植后14 d，磁共振检测发现移植区域存在低信号区，细胞在大鼠脑内发生迁徙，从胼胝体迁徙至病变区。实验结果提示脂肪干细胞脑内移植可以有效促进脑梗死大鼠神经功能恢复，磁共振成像可以评估超顺磁性氧化铁标记脂肪干细胞移植后在脑内的分布以及迁徙情况。
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