不同膝关节贴扎类型对足球运动员急停动作稳定性的影响

摘要

背景:相较于其他护具,贴扎最大的不同是可以依照每个人不同关节形状及需求进行不同的改变,可以说是更有效、更方便的量身订作的护具.目的:比较不同膝关节贴扎类型对足球运动员急停动作稳定性的影响,为运动员及一般健身者选择合适的贴扎方式以预防膝伤害提供重要参考.方法:运用运动学、动力学及肌电同步摄取12名男性足球运动员分别在膝关节传统贴扎、肌内效贴扎和无贴扎情况下的急停动作生物力学参数,再以SPSS 17.0软件对相关数据进行处理分析.结果与结论:①水平分力峰值、压力中心前后位移量及平均水平负荷率上,传统和肌内效贴扎组显著小于无贴扎组;②膝关节角度变化量无贴扎组最小,而爆发力峰值出现时刻膝角及爆发力出现时膝角变化量上,传统及肌内效贴扎组显著大于无贴扎组;③股直肌与腓肠肌的平均肌电振幅量是传统与肌内效贴扎显著小于无贴扎组;④结果说明,传统与肌内效于膝关节贴扎能显著提升急停动作下肢支撑功能及限制前十字韧带的向前移动量,这对于增加稳定性并保护膝关节免于伤害有益.%BACKGROUND: Compared to other protective gears, taping is more effective and convenient that enables different changes according to different joint shapes and needs.OBJECTIVE: By comparing the effects of different types of knee joint taping on knee joint stability following sudden stop in football players, to provide suitable taping methods for the prevention of knee joint injury for athletes and sports performers.METHODS: Using kinematics, kinetics and electromyography, the biomechanical parameters of sudden stop of 12 male football players were gained under three knee joint taping (traditional, intramuscular kinesio, and no-taping), and then analyzed using SPSS 17.0.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Horizontal peak force, the anterior and posterior displacement of center of pressure,and average horizontal loading rate in traditional and intramuscular kinesio taping groups were significantly lower than those in the non-taping group. (2) The change of knee joint angle was the least in the non-taping group, the knee joint degree at the appear time of peak power and the change value of knee joint degree in traditional and intramuscular kinesio taping groups were significantly larger than those in the non-taping group. (3) The mean electromyography amplitude of the rectus femoris and gastrocnemius in traditional and intramuscular kinesio taping groups was significantly less than that in the non-taping group. To conclude, the traditional and intramuscular kinesio taping on the knee joint can significantly improve the support ability of the lower extremities and restrict the anterior displacement ofthe cruciate ligament. These have a benefit on the improvement of knee joint stability.