基于DICOM数据三维重建及其对骨科植入物的指导应用

摘要

背景:计算机断层扫描输出的为医学数字成像和通信(Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine,DICOM)格式,而3D打印的输入是以三角网格表示的物体标准模板库(Standard Template Library,STL)模型.如其中涉及的数据处理和格式转换过程正是两种技术结合的关键.目的:探索如何将计算机断层扫描数据高效地转换成一个立体的三维模型.方法:利用Mimics医学图像三维重建软件将股骨骨折患者的医学数字成像和通信格式数据进行处理、编辑并生成物体标准模板库格式的文件,通过调节3D打印机切片软件中的各项参数制作三维立体模型,讨论三维模型在医学领域尤其是骨科领域的应用价值.结果与结论:Mimics软件是连接二维断层扫描图像和三维图像的桥梁,能够将医院内计算机断层扫描输出的二维数据进行编辑、处理,通过3D打印技术制作成三维立体模型.模型能够帮助医生进行日常临床诊疗、改善医患沟通及提高临床医学教学质量,推动医学尤其骨科植入物治疗领域向精细化、个性化、远程化、微创化的数字医学方向发展.%BACKGROUND:The output of computed tomography (CT) is Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM), whereas the input of three-dimensional (3D) printing is an object Standard Template Library model represented by a triangular mesh. The process of data handing and forrmat conversion are keys to the combination of these two techniques. OBJECTIVE:To explore how to convert CT data into a stereoscopic 3D model efficiently. METHODS:The DICOM in Medicine format data of the patients with femoral fractures were edited and produced by Mimics. We made a 3D model by adjusting the parameters of the 3D printer slicing software, and discussed the significance of 3D model in medical field, especially orthopedics. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Mimics software is the bridge to connect two-dimensional CT scan images and 3D images, to create a 3D model by editing the data of DICOM which comes from the CT scanner, with a 3D printing technology. The 3D Model can help doctors for routine clinical diagnosis and treatment, to improve the communication between doctors and patients and the quality of clinical medical teaching. 3D printing also makes medicine more personalized, remote, minimally invasive, and promote the development of medicine to the direction of digital medicine.