BACKGROUND:Studies have shown that overexpression of myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) and oligodendrocyte myelin glycoprotein (OMgp) is the main reason for early neuronal regeneration failure. OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cel s (hAMSCs) transplantation on neural functional recovery of rats with ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. METHODS:Sixty Sprague-Dawley were randomized into sham, I/R, and hAMSCs groups (n=20 per group). Rats in the hAMSCs group were given 1 mL of hAMSCs suspension (1.0×108/L) via the tail vein 24 hours after I/R injury. Rat neurological function recovery was assessed based on behavior changes, as determined by Longa behavioral score, cylinder test, horizontal ladder walking test and limb symmetry test at 1, 3 days, and 1, 2, 3 weeks post transplantation. Cel migration and distribution were observed using immunofluorescence method at 1 day, and 1, 2, 3 weeks post transplantation. MAG and OMgp protein expression was detected by western blot assay at 2 weeks post transplantation. Neuronal apoptosis was detected by TUNEL staining at 3 weeks post transplantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In the hAMSCs transplantation group, red marker-positive cel s were visible around the injury region at 1 week after transplantation, and over time, these cel s were increased in number. Significant improvement in the neurological function of rats were observed in the hAMSCs group as compared with the I/R group at 3 days and 1, 2, 3 weeks after transplantation (P<0.05), and the expression of MAG and OMgp proteins were also decreased dramatical y in the hAMSCs group (P<0.05). After I/R injury, the number of apoptotic cel s was increased, but hAMSCs transplantation reversed this effect. Overal , hAMSCs transplantation can reduce neuronal apoptosis by reducing MAG and OMgp expression levels, and thereby promote neurological functional recovery from I/R injury in rats.%背景：研究表明，MAG、OMgp等髓磷脂抑制物的过表达是早期神经元再生失败的主要原因。目的：探讨人羊膜间充质干细胞移植对缺血再灌注损伤大鼠神经功能恢复的影响。方法：SD大鼠60只，随机分为假手术组、缺血再灌注损伤组及人羊膜间充质干细胞移植组，每组20只。人羊膜间充质干细胞组于缺血再灌注损伤后24 h经尾静脉注入细胞浓度为1.0×108 L-1的人羊膜间充质干细胞悬液1 mL。移植后24 h，3 d及1，2，3周，采用Longa行为学评分、圆筒实验、水平梯行走实验及肢体对称性实验对各组大鼠进行行为学评估，观察神经功能恢复情况；移植1 d和1，2，3周后免疫荧光法观察细胞迁移和分布情况；移植后2周采用Western blot检测各组大鼠脑组织MAG及OMgp蛋白的表达；移植后3周采用TUNEL 染色观察神经元凋亡情况。结果与结论：①移植后1周在损伤区周围可见红色阳性标记细胞，并且随移植时间的延长，阳性标记细胞逐渐增多；②与缺血再灌注损伤组比较，在移植后3 d及1，2，3周人羊膜间充质干细胞移植组大鼠神经功能得到明显改善(P<0.05)；③与缺血再灌注损伤组比较，人羊膜间充质干细胞移植组MAG及OMgp蛋白的表达量均显著降低，差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)；④与假手术组相比，缺血再灌注损伤组凋亡细胞数增多；人羊膜间充质干细胞移植组凋亡细胞数目较缺血再灌注损伤组下降；⑤结果表明，人羊膜间充质干细胞移植可能通过降低MAG及OMgp表达，减少神经元凋亡，进而促进缺血再灌注损伤大鼠的神经功能恢复。
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