Synthesis of New Chiral Phosphine Ligands and Their Application in Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Ketones

摘要

The design of new chiral ligands is the key in the development of transition metal catalyzed asymmetric synthesis. Many chiral diphosphine ligands have been prepared and applied in asymmetric catalytic reactions with excellent enantioselectivities. Among the chiral diphosphine ligands that have been reported, the atropisomeric C2-symmetric phosphines with a biaryl scaffold initiated by Noyori and co-workers with BINAP were found to have the widest application in the transition metal catalyzed reactions. Planar chiral diphosphines based on ferrocene or paracyclophane backbones have also been applied to a number of reactions with a remarkable degree of success. However, the spiro diphosphine compounds, another type of axially chiral ligands, have not been synthesized yet. Recently, we designed chiral phosphoramidite ligands (SIPHOS)containing a 1, 1′-spirobiindane backbone and demonstrated that these ligands can be highly efficient for the Rh-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of functionalized olefins. Especially, in the case of asymmetric hydrogenation of α-arylethenylamines, the spiro monophosphoramidite ligands provided a significantly higher level of enantiocontrol compared to that of the monophosphoramidite ligands derived from BINOL. Herein we present the synthesis of spiro diphosphines (SDP) containing 1,1′-spirobiindane as a new chiral scaffold and their application in the ruthenium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of simple ketones with high activity (S/C up to 100 000) and excellent enantioselectivity (ee up to 99.5%).