北京市石景山社区居民高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率及影响因素的相关研究

摘要

目的 了解北京市石景山社区高血压知晓率、治疗率、控制率及其影响因素,为制定防治干预措施提供依据.方法 在北京市石景山社区采用整群抽样的方法,对知情同意的社区居民统一进行问卷调查和一般体格检查,获得人口学、行为生活方式、疾病史、用药史、收缩压及舒张压等信息,将资料完整者纳入研究,统计分析不同年龄组、性别居民高血压知晓率、治疗率、控制率情况,并通过多因素Logistic回归分析其影响因素.结果 共有3854例社区居民资料完整,女性2562例,男性1292例.高血压患病率为47.90％(1846/3854),知晓率78.49％(1449/1846),治疗率67.77％(1251/1846),控制率48.75％(900/1846).男性高血压患病率54.33％(702/1292),知晓率75.64％(531/702),治疗率63.11％(443/702),控制率45.30％(318/702);女性高血压患病率44.65％(1144/2562),知晓率80.24％(918/1144),治疗率70.63％(808/1144),控制率50.87％(582/1144).女性高血压知晓率和治疗率在40～<50岁组最低,控制率在70～≤81岁组最低,男性高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率随年龄增加逐渐增加,最低是40～<50岁组.多因素分析结果显示,年龄、血脂异常、高血压家族史和体重指数是高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率的共同影响因素.结论 北京市石景山社区居民的高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率水平仍需要进一步增强;女性高血压知晓率、控制率和治疗率均高于男性.%Objective To investigate the awareness, treatment, control rate and influencing factors of hypertension in Beijing Shijingshan community, and to provide evidence for the prevention and control of hypertension. Methods Through random cluster sampling in Shijingshan District, Beijing, community-based cross-sectional survey were conducted in residents after having achieved their previous informed consent. Questionnaire and general physical examination were performed upon subjects. Information such as demography, behavioral lifestyle, disease history, medication history, data of systolic pressure and diastolic pressure, etc., were collected and those who had completed datawere enrolled into study. The awareness, treatment, control rate of hypertension were analyzed statistically based on different age group and gender. And the influential factors were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression. Results A total of 3854 subjects had completed data. Among which, there were 2562 cases of female and 1292 cases of male. The prevalence, awareness, treatment and control rate of hypertension were 47.90％ (1846/3854), 78.49％ (1449/1846), 67.77％ (1251/1846) and 48.75％ (900/1846) respectively. The prevalence, awareness, treatment and control rate of male with hypertension were 54.33％(702/1292), 75.64％ (531/702), 63.11％ (443/702) and 45.30％ (318/702) respectively. The prevalence, awareness, treatment and control rate of female with hypertension were 44.65％ (1144/2562), 80.24％(918/1144), 70.63％ (808/1144) and 50.87％ (582/1144) respectively. The awareness and treatment rate of hypertension in female were the lowest in the 40-<50 years group, and the control rate was the lowest in the 70-≤81 years group. The awareness, treatment and control rate of male hypertension increased gradually with age, and the lowest was 40-<50 years group. Multivariate analysis showed that age, dyslipidemia, family history of hypertension and BMI were common factors affecting the awareness, treatment and control rate of hypertension. Conclusion The levels of awareness, control and treatment rate of hypertension in the residents of Shijingshan community in Beijing still need further enhancement. The prevalence, awareness, control, treatment rate of hypertension in female were higher than those of male.