社会动员策略在社区健康教育中的应用研究

摘要

目的：了解社会动员策略应用于社区健康教育中所取得的实际效果，探索社区健康教育管理新模式，为有效开展社区健康教育提供科学依据。方法选取本底情况基本均衡的2个社区作为研究社区和对照社区。在研究社区实施社会动员与健康教育相结合的综合干预，而对照社区仅实施健康教育的单纯干预。为期1年的干预结束后，将2个社区干预前后的相关指标分别进行自身前后对比分析。结果研究社区居民的知识、态度、行为3类指标干预后均优于干预前（t值分别为7．37，6．53，5．37，P＜0．05），而对照社区上述指标在干预前后均无显著提高；研究社区居民对健康教育活动的主动关注率、主动参与率在干预后均高于对照社区（χ2值分别为129．992，156．076，P＜0．01）。社会动员提升了研究社区相关部门对社区健康教育的重视程度，促成了更多资源用于开展社区健康教育，也激发了居民参与其中的主管能动性。结论社会动员与健康教育相结合的这种有针对性、强有力的综合干预策略，能成功促成相关认知、健康相关行为等的变化，充分挖掘社区的各种资源，建立起强有力的社区联盟，实现自治型社区健康教育管理模式的建立，并促进社区健康教育工作的可持续性发展。%Objectives To learn about the actual effect of community mobilization strategy in community health education ,to explore the new mode for community health education ,and to provide scientific basis for effective community health education .Methods Two communities with similar characteristics were selected as the interven‐tion community and the control community seperately .Health education was applied to both communities .But the intervention community received social mobilization in addition .The whole process lasted for one year .Relating in‐dicators of the two communities were collected and analyzed before and after the research programe .Results Indica‐tors of Knowledge ,Attitude and Behavior (KAP) after the intervention were better than that of before in both com‐munities(t=7 .37 ,6 .53 ,5 .37 ,P<0 .05) .Residents’ interest in health education activities in the intervention com‐munity after 1 year were greater than those in the control community(χ2 =129 .992 ,156 .076 ,P<0 .01) .Social mo‐bilization draw more attention from relevant community research departments ,made more resources to be put into community health education ,and attracted more residents to take a part .Conclusions The comprehensive interven‐tion strategy with social mobilization and health education combined is targetive and efficent .This trategy can con‐tribute alot to KAP ,utilized the community resources more efficently .A strong community alliance was extablished and an autonomous community health education management mode was set up .All promote a sustainable develop‐ment for community health education .