基于统一理论，考虑横荡、纵荡、艏摇平面三自由度操纵和横摇耦合，建立四自由度模型，按照MMG模型将船体上的力分为船体力、螺旋桨力和舵力，采用耦合模型叠加波浪力的方式来预报船舶在波浪中的操纵性。波浪力采用三维面元法计算，并根据船舶实时速度和遭遇浪向进行二维插值。通过对比仿真数据与自航模试验数据，验证了模型的准确性。预报了在不同波浪工况下的船舶操纵性，验证了二阶力是船舶回转漂移的主要原因。比较了不同波高对船舶在波浪中操纵性的差异，研究结果表明：波高越大，船舶回转的纵向和横向漂移越明显，并且Z形试验中的第1超越角和达到时间越长。%A coupled 4-DOF model considering the 3-DOF plane maneuvering of sway,surge, yaw and roll is established in this paper based on the unified theory. The various forces on the ship are divided into hull,propeller,and rudder force according to MMG model. Then, ship maneuvering in waves is predicted by adding the wave force into the coupling model, where the wave force is interpolated with both the ship in⁃stant speed and the wave encounter angle, which are obtained through 3D panel method. The presented nu⁃merical model is validated through free-running model tests,and ship maneuvering in different wave con⁃ditions is predicted with the mean second wave force proved to be the main cause ship drifting in turning. The maneuverability of ships in waves due to different wave height is also discussed. The results show that greater wave height could lead to more severe ship drifting in both transverse and longitudinal directions. In addition,the first overshoot angle is larger and the lagging time is longer in the zigzag test.
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