新型推力式流速传感器的测量原理与结构设计研究

摘要

Experimental apparatus of new thrust flow transducer based on the properties of particle phase is proposed. The traction cable's pull force which is given by the floating ball in the fluid can be measured by the experimental apparatus. Then the force situations of rigid floating ball are used to calculate fluid thrust on the floating ball. Finally, velocity can be gotten by empirical formula between fluid velocity and fluid thrust on the floating ball.New thrust flow transducer is simple and low cost. It can not only be used for measuring surface velocity of rivers,water channels,lakes and oceans, but also be used for automatic measuring velocity of water including frazil slush which is under ice sheet of rivers, water channels, lakes, and oceans in freezing conditions.%提出了一种基于颗粒相特性进行流速检测的新型推力式流速传感器的实验装置结构.该流速传感器实验装置通过测量牵引线对置于流体中刚性浮球产生的拉力,再根据刚性浮球在流体中受力情况,计算得到流体对浮球的推力.最终利用推力和流体流速之间的经验公式得到流体流速.新型流速传感器结构简单,成本低,不仅可以测量一般河流、输水渠道、湖泊、海洋的表面水流速,还能够实现在冰冻条件下对河流、输水渠道、湖泊、海洋等冰盖层下含有冰花的水流速度进行自动测量.