基于模糊理论的无线传感器网络多层分簇式路由算法

摘要

In order to reduce the energy consumption and prolong the network lifetime of wireless sensor networks ( WSNs) ,an efficient multi-layer routing protocol through fuzzy logic based clustering mechanism( MLFC) for WSNs is proposed. The MLFC mainly includes three steps. First,the network is divided into several layers based on the re-lationship between communication distance and energy. Second, cluster headers are elected among layers through fuzzy logic according to node’s remaining energy, distribution density and concentration. Nodes join the cluster formed by the nearest cluster headers. Third,data packets are transmitted to the base station layer by layer. A multi-hop routing is constructed. Experiment results show that the MLFC is of benefit to balance the nodes energy consumption and achieves an evident improvement of network lifetime.%为了进一步降低无线传感器网络的能量消耗，延长网络寿命，提出一种基于模糊理论的多层分簇式路由算法（ MLFC)。新算法根据通信距离与能量的相关性将网络划分为多层，采用模糊算法根据节点的能量、分布密度和中心度在每层中选出多个簇头，其余节点分别加入同层中距离最近簇头形成的簇，簇头逐层传递数据，建立起自组多跳路由。仿真实验结果表明，多层分簇式路由算法可以更好地均衡无线传感器网络各节点的负载，能明显提高节点的生命周期，延长网络寿命。