[目的]总结科学数据出版的主要特点和新时代科学数据出版的要求, 提出我国未来科学数据出版的建议.[方法]采用文献分析法对当前的科学数据出版研究进行梳理, 并对国内外数据出版实践进行总结.[结果]当前科学数据出版的重要特点包括出版流程逐渐规范, 出版的形式和内容因数据共享发展而多样化, 数据出版的工具和标准逐步完善, 数据出版的内容更加贴近应用.在促进科学数据有效共享和高效利用的要求下, 科学数据出版要适应标准化引用的需求, 适应唯一化识别的需求, 适应便捷化利用的需求.[结论]我国科学数据出版取得重要进展, 未来还需探索创新型数据出版模式, 促进数据出版权益保护机制构建, 加强出版标准规范和工具体系建设, 变革科学数据管理机制.%[Purposes] This paper aims to analyze and summarize the main characteristics of scientific data publishing and its requirements in the new era, and put forward some advices for the development of future scientific data publishing in China.[Methods] This paper summarized the current situation of scientific data research and data publishing practices at home and abroad.[Findings] The important characteristics of current scientific data publishing are summarized as follows: the process is gradually standardized, the form and content are diversified due to the development of data sharing, the tools and standards are gradually improved, and the content is closer to the application. Under the requirement of promoting effective sharing and utilization of scientific data, scientific data publishing should adapt to the needs of standardized citation, unique identification, and convenient utilization. [Conclusions] Chinese scientific data publishing has made important progress. In the future, it is necessary to explore innovative publishing models, promote the formation of rights and interests protection mechanism in data publishing, strengthen the construction of standards and tools system in publishing, and reform the scientific data management mechanism.
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