室内不接触农药的褐飞虱种群对农药的敏感性和对水稻品种的适应性

摘要

Rice brown planthopper (BPH,Nilaparvata lugens) population collected from rice tiled in Hangzhou was successively reared on susceptible rice TN1 in the laboratory without exposure to insecticides for more than 14 generations,and its susceptibility change to insecticides and ecological fitness on different resistant rice varieties were monitored by generations.The resistance to imidacloprid was sharply declined with increasing generations without exposure to insecticides from 359.94-fold at F1 to 6.50-fold at F,compared with susceptible strain,and the resistance to chlorpyrifos was from 9.90-fold at F1 to 5.94-fold at F14.Nymphal duration,weight of newly hatched female adult was significantly affected by rice variety,generation and their interaction,meanwhile the nymphal survival was significantly affected by generations only.The ratio of brachypterous adults in male was affected by generations and generation × variety interaction,while no difference was found in female.Nymphal duration was prolonged with increasing generations,and female nymphal duration was shorter on susceptible variety TN1 than that on resistant varieties IR26 or IR36,meanwhile female adult weight on TN1 was higher than that on IR26 and IR36.These results indicated that resistance of field BPH population to insecticide was reversed after several generations without exposure to insecticide,and its ecological fitness on TN1 was better than that on IR26 and IR36.It implies an important role in BPH management by rational and reductive use of insecticides coordinating with manipulation of resistant rice cultivars.%在室内研究了经连续多代未接触农药的田间褐飞虱种群在不同抗性水稻品种上的生态适应性.结果表明,田间种群经室内连续多代未接触农药饲养后其对吡虫啉的抗性从F1代的359.94倍降到F14代的6.50倍,其中F4到F8下降快,F10到F14代基本趋于稳定;而其对毒死蜱的抗性下降趋于平缓,从F1代的9.90倍降到F14代的5.94倍.若虫历期和雌成虫体质量均显著受水稻品种和连续饲养代别数及代别×品种的影响,而若虫存活率只受代别数影响.雄虫中短翅型比例受代别和代别×品种的影响,而雌虫中短翅型比例不受代别、品种以及代别×品种的影响.在三种水稻品种上褐飞虱若虫历期均随着代别增加而延长,其中F1和F4的若虫历期较短,其余均较长.在感虫水稻品种TN1上的雌虫若虫历期明显短于在抗虫品种IR26和IR36上的历期,TN1上的雌成虫体质量明显比抗虫品种上的高.这些结果表明褐飞虱种群不接触农药后其对农药的敏感性上升,但对水稻抗性品种IR26和IR36的适应性并未增强.这些结果对于合理使用农药和水稻抗性品种治理褐飞虱具有重要意义.