定期随访对脑梗死恢复期患者神经功能及社会活动功能的影响

摘要

目的:探讨医务人员院外定期随访对脑梗死恢复期患者神经功能恢复及社会活动功能的影响作用.方法:选取我科急性缺血性卒中经治疗后好转出院患者共151例, 分为观察组74例和对照组77例.出院后医务人员根据自制随访流程对观察组进行2周1次的随访, 对照组未进行随访, 3个月、1年后分别对2组进行改良Rankin评分 (mRS) 及社会活动功能量表 (FAQ) 评估.结果:出院3个月后, 2组mRS评分、FAQ评分及社会活动功能评定未见统计学差异, 观察组残疾率明显低于对照组 (P＜0.05) .1年后, 2组的mRS评分、致残率、FAQ评分及社会活动障碍率均低于3个月时 (P＜0.05, 0.01), 且观察组mRS评分、致残率、FAQ评分及社会活动功能障碍率均明显低于对照组 (均P＜0.05) .结论:医务人员院外定期随访可促进脑梗死恢复期患者神经功能及社会活动功能恢复, 功能的恢复较为缓慢.%Objective:To investigate whether the regular follow-up of hospital staff has an effect on the recovery of neurological function and the improvement of social function in patients with cerebral infarction at convalescence stage. Methods:A total of 151 cases of acute ischemic stroke admitted to our department and discharged from the hospital after treatment were randomly divided into an observation group (n=74) and a control group (n=77). The medical staff followed the weekly follow-up according to the self-made follow-up process after discharge, and the control group was not followed up. After 3 months and 1 year, two groups were evaluated by modified Rankin score (mRS) and social function scale (FAQ). Results:There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in the mRS score, the FAQ score and the rate of social dysfunction after 3 months; and the mutilation rate in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05). One year later, the mRS score, disability rate, FAQ score and social activity dysfunction rate in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05), and also significantly lower than those in the three months in both groups (P＜0.05, 0.01). Conclusion:The medical staff regular follow-up outside the hospital can promote the recovery of neurological function and social function in patients with cerebral infarction. The recovery of social function is slower than that of nerve function.