可燃制冷剂的风险评估和降低风险措施

摘要

根据保护臭氧层的相关国际环境公约的要求,R22等制冷剂将会被逐步替代。目前可获得的制冷剂中,可燃制冷剂具有不破坏臭氧层、温室效应低等环保性能上的优势。然而,可燃性使得这些制冷剂的推广遇到了不少困难。出于安全角度考虑,在进行推广时必须要对制冷系统使用可燃制冷剂的风险进行评估,以便采取针对性的措施。本文对制冷剂常见的风险评估方法及提高制冷系统安全性能的方法进行了综述。%According to the international ozone layer protection protocols, R22 and otherwise will be phased-out. Flammable refrigerants, as the available alternatives, have advantage on environment performance, i.e. zero ozone depleting potential and low global warming potential. However, the flammability of these refrigerants makes lots of difficulties on their application. Due to safety consideration, risk assessments of the systems using flammable refrigerants must be carried out to propose corresponding measures. The risk assessment methods of refrigeration system and methods for improving the safety performance of the refrigeration system were summarized.