2006年我国十省市抗精神病药处方方式的现况调查

摘要

Objective To uncover the antipsychotic drug use patterns for treating schizophrenia in China in 2006, and the developing tendency from 2002 to 2006.Methods Based on the investigation in 2002, the same methods and same hospitals were selected, totally 41 hospitals from 10 provinces and cities.The investigation was conducted during 22th to 28th, May, 2006, using the revised self-made modified questionnaire.Results The total number of sample was 5898, including outpatients (46.0%) and inpatients (54.0% ) ( male: female = 51.6%: 47.4% ).The most common clinical characteristics were the personal and social dysfunction.Antipsychotic medication most frequently prescribed was clozapine (31.7%), subsequently were risperidone (30.5%), sulpiride (14.5%), chlorpromazine (10.8%),perphenazine (9.2%), quetiapine (7.2%) and haloperidol (5.8%) .The mean chlorpromazine equivalent dosage was higher in inpatients than outpatients.In all the patients, 75.6% were treated with mono-pharmacy, in which 72.7% with atypical antipsychotics (while 38.3% with typical drugs), and the percentage of patients with depot antipsychotics was 6.2%.24.4% of the patients were treated with 2 or more than 2 types of antipsychotics.The common concomitant medications were anticholinergic agents,benzodiazepine, β-receptor blockade, antidepressants and mood stabilizers, in order to control the adverse effects or augment the efficacy of antipsychotics.Conclusions Atypical drugs are the mainstream to treat schizophrenia in China, the tendency of antipsychotics prescription pattern matches the development of treatment outcome and treatment techniques for schizophrenia.%目的 调查2006年我国10省市抗精神病药处方方式;分析4年间我国抗精神病药处方方式的变化趋势.方法 按照作者2002年的调查方法,选择10省市41所精神疾病专科医院或综合医院精神科的5898例精神分裂症门诊和住院患者,于2006年5月22-28日使用自制修订的调查问卷进行精神分裂症处方方式的现况调查.结果 (1)5898例患者中,门诊患者为2716例(46.0%);住院患者为3182例(54.0%);男3041例(51.6%),女2803例(47.5%),缺失54例数据.(2)99.1%的患者接受了抗精神病药治疗,使用频率在前7位的药物依次为:氯氮平(31.7%),利培酮(30.5%),舒必利(14.5%),氯丙嗪(10.8%),奋乃静(9.2%)、喹硫平(7.2%),氟哌啶醇(5.8%).换算为氯丙嗪等效剂量后,住院患者平均药物剂量显著高于门诊患者.(3)72.7%的患者使用第2代抗精神病药治疗;第1代抗精神病药的使用频率为38.3%;6.19%的患者接受了长效药物治疗.(4)75.6%的患者接受了单一非长效抗精神病药治疗;24.4%的患者联合使用2种或2种以上抗精神病药.(5)54.1%的患者联合了抗胆碱能药、苯二氮革类、β-受体阻断剂、抗抑郁药和心境稳定剂,主要用于控制不良反应或增效治疗.结论 第2代抗精神病药已经成为我国治疗精神分裂症的主流药物,反映出精神分裂症治疗理念和治疗技术的进展.