老年慢性病患者的自我感受负担正念水平与生活质量的相关性分析

摘要

Objective To explore the correlation among mindfulness, self-perceived burden and quality of life in elderly patient who suffer from chronic diseases, in order to provide theoretical basis for improving the quality of life in them.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on elderly patients with chronic diseases by means of convenient sampling.A general data questionnaire, mindfulness awareness scale, self-perceived burden scale and the Short-Form 36 health survey scale were applied in the investigation.Using person correlation analysis and path analysis to analyze the correlation among mindfulness, self-perceived burden and quality of life.Results The average score of mindfulness awareness, self-perceived burden and the Short-Form 36 health survey scale were respective 32. 05 ± 10. 40, 60. 35±12. 52, 81. 10±11. 99.The mindfulness level was positively correlated with the quality of life (r = 0. 769, P＜0. 01), there was a negative correlation between mindfulness and self-perceived burden (r =-0. 619, P＜0. 01), the self-perceived burden was negative correlated with the quality of life (r =-0. 619, P＜0. 01).Both self-perceived burden and mindfulness had predictive effect on quality of life, and the effect values are-0. 546 and 0. 731.The self-perceived burden had an indirect negative effect on the quality of life for patients through the mindfulness level, that is, the mindfulness level had a complete mediating effect between the self-perceived burden and the quality of life.Conclusion The higher the mindfulness level the lighter the burden of self-perception and the higher the quality of life for the elderly patients with chronic diseases.Attention should be paid to the mental health status of the elderly patients with chronic diseases, so as to reduce the burden of self-perception and improve the mindfulness level.%目的 探讨老年慢性病患者正念水平、自我感受负担和生活质量的相关关系,为提高老年慢性病患者的生活质量提供理论依据.方法 采用便利抽样法,采用一般资料调查表、正念注意知觉量表、自我感受负担量表、生活质量量表对河南省某三甲医院内确诊为慢性病的老年患者进行问卷调查.本次研究共发放问卷130份,其中有效问卷120份,有效回收率为92.3％.采用Person相关性分析及路径分析方法对正念水平与自我感受负担、生活质量的相关关系进行分析.结果(1)老年慢性病患者自我感受负担总分为(32.05±10.40)分,处于中等水平.(2)老年慢性病患者正念水平为(60.35±12.52)分,处于较低水平.(3)老年慢性病患者生活质量总分为(81.10±11.99)分.(4)正念水平和生活质量呈正相关(r=0.769,P＜0.01);正念水平和自我感受负担呈负相关(r=-0.619,P＜0.01);自我感受负担与生活质量之间呈负相关(r=-0.530,P＜0.01).自我感受负担、正念水平对生活质量均有预测作用,效应值分别为-0.546、0.731;自我感受负担完全通过正念水平间接负向影响患者的生活质量,即正念在自我感受负担、生活质量之间具有完全的中介作用.结论 患慢性病的老年患者正念水平越高,自我感受负担越轻,生活质量越高,应重视老年慢性病患者的心理健康状况,提高其正念水平,减轻自我感受负担,从而提高患者的生活质量.