儿童咳嗽变异性哮喘转为典型哮喘的相关因素研究

摘要

目的 探讨儿童咳嗽变异性哮喘(CVA)转为典型哮喘(CA)的相关因素.方法 选取2013年8月至2016年7月潞城市中医院175例CVA患儿,记录患儿一般情况(年龄、性别、临床症状、咳嗽持续时间、病程)和相关危险因素(宿主因素、环境因素),并给予对应治疗,治疗6个月后统计本组CVA转为CA情况,分析其相关危险因素.结果 175例CVA患儿经治疗后,44例转为CA,其余131例未转为CA;患儿年龄、性别、病程、病情均与CVA转为CA无明显相关性(P>0.05).宿主因素中家族哮喘史、患儿特应性体质、治疗依从性、呼吸道感染均是CVA转为CA的影响因素(P<0.05).家族特应性疾病史、患儿过敏史与CVA转为CA无明显相关性(P>0.05).环境因素中室内灰尘、被动吸烟、房屋新装修均是CVA转为CA的影响因素(P<0.05).环境潮湿、饲养宠物与CVA转为CA无明显相关性(P>0.05).Logistic多因素回归分析可知,伴有家族哮喘史、特应性体质、呼吸道感染及治疗依从性差均是导致CVA转为CA的重要危险因素(P<0.05).结论 伴有家族哮喘史、特应性体质、呼吸道感染及治疗依从性差均可能为CVA转为CA的相关危险因素,针对上述危险因素做好对应干预措施,可避免疾病进展为典型哮喘,对改善临床疗效及预后均有一定积极意义.%Objective To investigate the related factors of cough variant asthma ( CVA) turning into typical asthma (CA) in children.Methods A total of 175 children with CVA in Lucheng Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from August 2013 to July 2016 were selected .The general conditions (age, sex, clinical symptoms, duration of cough, course of disease), related risk factors (host factors, environmental factors ) and corresponding treatment were recorded .After 6 months of treatment , the conversion of CVA to CA , and the related risk factors were analyzed .Results After treatment , 44 cases of the 175 children with CVA converted to CA , while the remaining 131 children did not convert to CA . There was no significant relationship between age , sex , course of disease and the conversion of CVA to CA ( P>0.05 ) . Family asthma history , children's atopic constitution , treatment compliance and respiratory tract infection were the influencing factors of the conversion of CVA to CA ( P<0.05 ) , there was no significant relationship between family atopic disease history , children's allergic history and the conversion of CVA to CA ( P>0.05 ) .Indoor dust , passive smoking and new house decoration were the influencing factors of the conversion of CVA to CA ( P<0.05 ) .There was no significant relationship between environmental humidity , pet raising and the conversion of CVA to CA ( P>0.05 ) .Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that family history of asthma , atopic constitution , respiratory infection and poor treatment compliance were important risk factors of the conversion of CVA to CA (P<0.05).Conclusions Family history of asthma, atopic constitution, respiratory tract infection and poor treatment compliance may be related risk factors of the conversion of CVA to CA .Corresponding interventions against these risk factors can avoid the disease progressing to typical asthma , and have positive significance for improving clinical efficacy and prognosis .